This non-randomized clinical study aims to evaluate whether a multicomponent physical exercise program with integrated postural hygiene can improve functional capacity, postural risk, musculoskeletal symptoms, health-related quality of life, and body composition in adult and older women. Eighty participants are allocated to three groups: an experimental group performing exercise with integrated postural hygiene, a reference group with previous postural hygiene training performing the same intervention, and a control group performing the same exercise program without the postural hygiene component. Participants are assessed before, during, and after the intervention, as well as at follow-up. The broader research project also includes a separate cross-sectional observational component designed to describe postural habits, musculoskeletal symptoms, and functional health-related variables in women enrolled in a community-based Maintenance Gymnastics program.

The primary component is a non-randomized interventional study with parallel assignment designed to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent physical exercise program integrating postural hygiene strategies. The study is being registered after participant enrollment had started due to an administrative oversight. Data collection is ongoing and has not yet been completed. The intervention protocol, assessment schedule, and outcome measures were defined before completion of data collection and have not been modified based on study findings.

The interventional component includes 80 adult and older women allocated to three groups. The experimental group performs a multicomponent physical exercise program with integrated postural hygiene. The reference group consists of participants who had previously received postural hygiene training and performs the same intervention as the experimental group. The control group performs the same multicomponent physical exercise program without the specific postural hygiene component.

The intervention includes exercises targeting strength, balance, mobility, and postural control. Postural hygiene strategies are integrated throughout exercise practice and are intended to facilitate the transfer of healthy postural behaviors to activities of daily living. These strategies aim to improve postural awareness, movement control, and safer postural habits during functional tasks.

Participants are assessed at four time points: baseline, mid-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up. Outcomes include functional capacity, postural risk, musculoskeletal symptoms, health-related quality of life, and body composition. Semi-structured interviews are also conducted to explore perceived changes, program acceptability, postural awareness, and the application of postural hygiene strategies in daily life.

The study is non-pharmacological, non-surgical, and non-invasive. It does not involve drug administration, surgical procedures, invasive techniques, or investigational medical devices. The intervention is delivered by trained instructors following a standardized protocol to ensure consistency across groups.

In addition to the interventional component, the broader project includes a separate cross-sectional observational epidemiological study conducted in a larger sample of women enrolled in the Maintenance Gymnastics program. This component is based exclusively on questionnaire data and aims to describe postural habits, musculoskeletal symptoms, body perception, and variables related to functional health in the target population. It does not include any intervention, group allocation, or follow-up assessments.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women enrolled in the Maintenance Gymnastics program
• Age between 50 and 82 years.
• Acceptance of participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having diseases or conditions that prevent the proper performance of the activity and the assessments.
• Having functional limitations that prevent safe participation in physical activity.
• Having cognitive impairments that hinder understanding of instructions, tests, or questionnaires.
• Refusal to participate in the study.

The raw data supporting the conclusions of this intervention will be made available by the investigators, without undule reservación, to and qualified researcher.

Data will be available upon reasonable request after publication of the main study results and for a period consistent with applicable ethical and data protection requirements.

De-identified individual participant data may be made available to qualified researchers upon reasonable request for scientific purposes related to this study. Requests will be reviewed by the research team and, when applicable, by the responsible institution. Access will only be granted after approval of the request and in accordance with applicable ethical requirements and data protection regulations.

Participants were blinded to group allocation and comparison. The study was conducted within a broad Maintenance Gymnastics program. Participants from the different groups had no structured contact with one another, were not aware of the existence or specific characteristics of the other study groups, and could not compare the contents applied in each group. Therefore, they were unaware of the main comparative hypothesis and the relative allocation of the groups.