A retrospective analysis was conducted based on data of the National Health Insurance Fund in Hungary. Overall cancer risk and site-specific cancer risks were analysed in a target trial emulation design when comparing all available antidiabetic therapies to MET and monotherapies and primary combination therapies against each other. The model used in the analysis was corrected for age, gender, co-morbidities, selected cardiovascular medications and inpatient and outpatient visits.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Antidiabetic medication initiators

Exclusion Criteria:

• Antidiabetic prescription in the previous 5 years
• Recent pancreatectomy (previous or subsequent 90 days after inclusion)

The source population consisted of all individuals aged ≥19 years on 1 January 2016 who had no inpatient or outpatient care for malignant disease between 2009 and 2015 and no antidiabetic drug dispensing between 2011-2015.

The primary study population included individuals from this source population who dispensed any antidiabetic medication between 2016 and 2022.

Because of data security reasons, individual-level data are not available to the researchers