Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Standardization of E-NMQ

Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Standardization of the Extended Version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (E-NMQ) for the Urdu-Speaking Population

The primary objective of this study is to translate the Nordic Musculoskeletal (E-NMQ) Questionnaire Modified Version into Urdu following international guidelines. Presently, there exists no validated tool to comprehensively measure symptoms such as pain, stiffness and weakness in Urdu-speaking patients in Pakistan. Specifically, the widely used E-NMQ, having these three vital categories, has yet to be translated and validated for Urdu-speaking individuals with musculoskeletal disease (MSD).

To find the reliability and validity of the Urdu version of E-NMQ in patients of MSD, procedure involves following stages: E-NMQ will be adapted in Urdu and then back translated in English, then will be first tested for its content validity by using the content validity index. Then Urdu version of the E-NMQ will be pilot run; tested for its validity and reliability. In next step Urdu version of the E-NMQ will be tested for its validity and reliability in patients with MSD.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age between 18 and 45 years.

  • Both male and females
  • Able to speak and read Urdu language Individuals with a condition affecting the musculoskeletal system
  • Age matched healthy individual recruited will be either the attendants/family members accompanying patients in Jinnah Hospital or employees of Riphah International University.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant females, inflammation, local infection, fracture, suspected tumor, Recent surgery

  • Unwilling patients
  • Cognitive impairment & speech impairment
  • Any neurological diseases (reflex changes & loss of sensation)