Our study will consist of two parts:

• Part 1: Cross-cultural adaptation of the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) among postpartum mothers and co-parents in France and assessment of its psychometric properties
• Part 2: Assessment of cultural representations of infant feeding practices during pregnancy.

The goal of this repeated cross-sectional study is to cross-culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the French version of the IIFAS among postpartum mothers in France.

In the part 1 of the study, the main questions it aims to answer are:

• Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the French version of the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) among postpartum mothers in France
• Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the French version of the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) among postpartum co-parents in France

Participants will be asked :

• to complete the study questionnaires, including the French version of the IIFAS questionnaire.
• to complete the French version of the IIFAS questionnaire a second time 7 days after their initial completion.
• to answer 1 to 4 questions about the infant's current feeding regimen 8 weeks after giving birth.

In the part 2, the goal of this descriptive cross-sectional study is to assess cultural representations of infant feeding practices during pregnancy among pregnant women in France during the first and the third trimesters.

In the part 2 of the study, the main questions it aims to answer are:

• To describe cultural perceptions of infant feeding practices among mothers in France during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy.
• To describe the cultural perceptions of infant feeding practices among co-parents in France during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy.
• To compare the cultural perceptions of infant feeding practices among mothers according to the trimester of pregnancy.
• To analyze the impact of different factors (age, education level, occupation, number of children, geographic origin, socioeconomic status, having been breastfed oneself, having personal experience with breastfeeding, plans to return to work, etc.) on mothers' cultural perceptions of infant feeding practices during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy.
• To compare co-parents' cultural perceptions of infant feeding methods according to the trimester of pregnancy.
• To analyze the impact of different factors (age, education level, occupation, number of children, geographic origin, socioeconomic status, having been breastfed oneself, having a child who was previously breastfed, etc.) on co-parents' cultural perceptions of infant feeding methods during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy.
• To compare the cultural perceptions of infant feeding practices between mothers and co-parents during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy.

Participants will be asked to complete the study questionnaires, including the French version of the IIFAS questionnaire.

Part 1

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult women hospitalized for postpartum care in one of the 10 maternity hospitals of the Auvergne perinatal network participating in the project, and/or adult co-parents whose partner is hospitalized in one of the 10 RSPA maternity hospitals participating in the project,
• Mothers and/or co-parents of a singleton child born alive at term (≥37 weeks' gestation) and hospitalized in the maternity ward,
• Mothers and/or co-parents of a child less than 6 days old,
• Mothers and/or co-parents affiliated to a social security scheme,
• Mothers and/or co-parents capable of reading and understanding French.

Non-inclusion Criteria:

• Mothers and/or co-parents of a child hospitalized outside the maternity ward,
• Mothers and/or co-parents who are adults with legal incapacity (under guardianship, conservatorship, or judicial protection),
• Mothers and/or co-parents who refuse to participate in the study,
• Mothers with a contraindication to AM and/or co-parents whose spouse has a contraindication to AM,
• Mothers and/or co-parents of a child with a medical condition or malformation that affects their feeding.

Part 2 during 1st trimester :

Inclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant adult women who are being cared for by healthcare professional belonging the Auvergne perinatal network and/or their co-parents of legal age, during the first trimester of pregnancy (before 16 weeks and 0 days of gestation),
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents affiliated to a social security scheme,
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents who can read and understand French.

Non-inclusion criteria :

• Pregnant women and/or co-parents in the second trimester of pregnancy (between 16 weeks 0 days and 28 weeks 6 days of gestation),
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents who are legally incapacitated adults (under guardianship, conservatorship, or judicial protection),
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents who refuse to participate in the study,
• Pregnant women with a contraindication to breastfeeding and/or co-parents whose partner has a contraindication to breastfeeding,
• Pregnant women with a multiple pregnancy and/or co-parents being monitored for a multiple pregnancy.

Part 2 during 3rd trimester :

Inclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant adult women who are being cared for by healthcare professional belonging the Auvergne perinatal network and/or their co-parents of legal age, during the third trimester of pregnancy (after 28 weeks and 6 days of gestation),
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents affiliated to a social security scheme,
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents who can read and understand French.

Non-inclusion criteria :

• Pregnant women and/or co-parents in the second trimester of pregnancy (between 16 weeks 0 days and 28 weeks 6 days of gestation),
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents who are legally incapacitated adults (under guardianship, conservatorship, or judicial protection),
• Pregnant women and/or co-parents who refuse to participate in the study,
• Pregnant women with a contraindication to breastfeeding and/or co-parents whose partner has a contraindication to breastfeeding,
• Women and/or co-parents of a child with a medical condition or malformation affecting the child's feeding,
• Pregnant women with a multiple pregnancy and/or co-parents being monitored for a multiple pregnancy.

For part 1, Our target population will consist of new parents during their stay in the maternity ward at one of the Auvergne Perinatal Network maternity participating in the study.

For part 2, our target population will be expectant parents during pregnancy who are receiving care within the Auvergne Perinatal Network. Participation by both parents is not required for this study.