This is a single-center, prospective, matched cohort study comparing the effect of Pulsed Field Ablation (PFA) versus Radiofrequency Ablation (RF) on postoperative gastric motility in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). A total of 20 patients will be enrolled in a 1:1 matched design (10 PFA, 10 RF), matched by age, gender, left atrial diameter, AF duration, and diabetes history. All patients will undergo pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) plus left atrial posterior wall isolation (LAPWI).

The primary outcome is gastric emptying assessed by radionuclide imaging preoperatively and at 48 hours post-ablation. Secondary outcomes include gastrointestinal symptom scores: PAGI-SYM, GSRS, and GerdQ measured before ablation and at 7 days post-procedure.

Patients with prior AF ablation, upper gastrointestinal surgery, gastroparesis, or recent use of gastrointestinal medications are excluded. The study period is from January 30, 2026 to July 30, 2026.

This study aims to evaluate whether PFA is associated with better gastric motility preservation compared with conventional RF ablation in persistent AF patients undergoing extended PVI plus posterior wall isolation.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18-80 years
• Diagnosed with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) according to current guidelines
• Undergoing first-time catheter ablation (PFA or RF) with planned pulmonary vein isolation plus left atrial posterior wall isolation
• Able to understand and sign informed consent
• Able to complete radionuclide gastric emptying scintigraphy and symptom questionnaires

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous AF ablation or cardiac surgery
• History of gastroparesis or severe gastrointestinal disease
• Prior upper gastrointestinal surgery
• Use of prokinetic or antisecretory medications within 4 weeks before enrollment
• Severe renal/hepatic dysfunction or active malignancy
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Inability to comply with study procedures or follow-up

Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation aged 18-80 years, scheduled for first-time catheter ablation (pulsed field or radiofrequency) with pulmonary vein isolation plus left atrial posterior wall isolation at a single center. The study aims to compare postoperative gastric motility between the two ablation modalities.