Detecting Accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound in detecting intraperitoneal adhesions prior to laparoscopy ( which is the gold standard to visualize adhesions ) to detect safety of 1ry trocar insertion .

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women scheduled for elective laparoscopy.
• Women with history of previous laparotomies.
• Women with previous transverse suprapubic and/or any midline incision.
• Women with previous caesarean section.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Women with Emergency laparoscopic surgeries (e.g., acute abdomen).
• Pregnancy at time of operation.
• Morbid obesity (BMI > 40kg/m²), as excessive adipose tissue may limit ultrasound imaging.
• Severe medical conditions affecting participation (e.g., severe cardiac or pulmonary disease.

Women undergoing laparoscopic surgery in the department of gynecology & obstetrics , Sohag University hospital with the following criteria :

Women scheduled for elective laparoscopy. Women with history of previous laparotomies. Women with previous transverse suprapubic and/or any midline incision. Women with previous caesarean section.