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Radiation therapy is an important treatment for cancer, but patients receiving radiation therapy for the first time may experience anxiety because they are unfamiliar with the treatment process, equipment, and possible side effects. This study evaluated whether a 360-degree virtual reality patient education program could improve radiation therapy knowledge and reduce anxiety and depression among first-time radiation therapy patients. Participants received either virtual reality education or conventional nurse-led education. Knowledge, anxiety, and depression were assessed before and after the educational intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 360-Degree Virtual Reality Education Group | Experimental | Participants received a 360-degree virtual reality patient education module before radiation therapy. The module introduced the radiation therapy environment, treatment procedures, preparation, and side-effect management using a head-mounted display. |
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| Conventional Nurse-Led Education Group | Active Comparator | Participants received standard face-to-face patient education delivered by nurses before radiation therapy. The education included explanations of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, treatment environment, and side-effect management. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional Nurse-Led Patient Education | Behavioral | Participants received standard face-to-face patient education delivered by nurses before radiation therapy. The education included explanations of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, treatment environment, and side-effect management. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Radiation Therapy Knowledge Score | Radiation therapy knowledge was assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Higher scores indicate greater knowledge of radiation therapy procedures, treatment preparation, and side-effect management. Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater radiation therapy knowledge. | Baseline and immediately following CT simulation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Anxiety Score Assessed by HADS-A | Anxiety was assessed using the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Total scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety. | Baseline, immediately following CT simulation, and immediately following the fifth radiation therapy session |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jen-Ai Hospital | Taichung | Taichung | Taiwan |
Individual participant data will not be shared because the study involves patient-level clinical and psychological data, and data sharing was not included in the informed consent.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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This was a quasi-experimental, non-randomized, two-group parallel study. Participants were assigned to either a 360-degree virtual reality patient education group or a conventional nurse-led education group.
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|
| 360-Degree Virtual Reality Patient Education | Behavioral | Participants received a 360-degree virtual reality patient education module before radiation therapy. The module introduced the radiation therapy environment, treatment procedures, preparation, and side-effect management using a head-mounted display. |
|
| Change in Depression Score Assessed by HADS-D |
Depression was assessed using the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Total scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating higher levels of depression. |
| Baseline, immediately following CT simulation, and immediately following the fifth radiation therapy session |