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The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a trauma-informed yoga intervention on psychological trauma symptoms, difficulties in emotion regulation, and interoceptive awareness in young adult women.
This study will be conducted with young adult women aged 18-25 residing in a selected province. Based on a G*Power analysis, the minimum required sample size was determined to be 46 participants (intervention: n = 23; control: n = 23). Participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups using a computer-generated simple randomization method (https://www.random.org/integers/
) to ensure unbiased allocation. The intervention group will be implemented in three separate groups, each consisting of 8-10 participants, and will receive the "Trauma-Informed Yoga Intervention Program," which includes eight sessions. Each session will last approximately 45 minutes, and two sessions will be conducted per week for each group. The program will consist of group-based yoga sessions structured in accordance with trauma-informed principles. Pretest and posttest measurements will be used to assess psychological trauma symptoms, difficulties in emotion regulation, and levels of interoceptive awareness among young women.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Participants in the intervention group received a trauma-informed, group-based yoga program consisting of eight sessions delivered twice weekly. Each session lasted approximately 45 minutes and was conducted in accordance with trauma-informed principles. |
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| Control | No Intervention | Participants in the control group received no structured intervention during the study period and only routine conditions were maintained. Data were collected at the same time points as in the intervention group. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trauma-Informed Yoga Intervention Program | Behavioral | Intervention program was applied to the intervention group in eight sessions online. Each session will last an average of 45 minutes. There will be two sessions for one group per week. The intervention comprised eight sessions, including establishing a sense of safety and body awareness, listening to the body, integrating emotions and movement, safely engaging with past memories, fostering forgiveness and letting go, strengthening boundaries and personal empowerment, cultivating self-compassion and reconnection, and promoting integration and future orientation. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Transmitted Psychological Trauma Scale | The scale consists of 19 items and three subscales: family functioning (3 items), past family trauma (5 items), and emotion and behavior regulation (11 items). Two items (items 3 and 5) in the scale are reverse scored. Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Total scores range from 19 to 95, with higher scores indicating a greater likelihood of transmitted psychological trauma. | Baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 1 month post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - Short Form (DERS-16) | The scale consists of 16 items and five subscales: clarity, goals, impulse, strategies, and non-acceptance. The scale items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (Almost never) to 5 (Almost always), with total scores ranging from 16 to 80. Higher scores indicate greater difficulty in emotion regulation. | Baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 1 month post-intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Young adult women aged 18-25
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duygu Özer, Asst. Prof | Contact | +905061291978 | duyguozer2016@hotmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bartın University | Bartın | Bartın | 74100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D000080103 | Emotional Regulation |
| D000067073 | Psychological Trauma |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000068356 | Self-Control |
| D012919 | Social Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D040921 | Stress Disorders, Traumatic |
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Intervention and control group
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Experimental: Intervention Group Trauma-Informed Yoga Intervention Program was applied to the intervention group.
Intervention: Behavioral - Trauma-Informed Yoga
No Intervention: Control group Only data collection was carried out. No attempt was made by the researcher during the study.
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| Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness - Version 2 | The scale consists of 34 items rated on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 5 (always). The number of items varies across the subscales: Noticing, Not-Distracting, Not-Worrying, Attention Regulation, Emotional Awareness, Self-Regulation, Body Listening, and Trusting. Total scores on the scale range from 0 to 170. The scale does not have an established cut-off point. Higher scores indicate greater levels of interoceptive awareness. | Baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 1 month post-intervention |
| D000068099 |
| Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |