This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of Dioscorea yam gruel on blood lipid levels in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 72 eligible post-PCI patients were randomly assigned to the control group or the intervention group. Patients in the control group received standard post-procedural treatment and care. In addition to this standard regimen, those in the intervention group were provided with approximately 150 g of Dioscorea yam gruel daily as a partial dinner replacement for 12 consecutive weeks. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and body mass index (BMI) were measured at baseline, and at 8 weeks and 12 weeks of the intervention.

Background:

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an important revascularization strategy for coronary heart disease, but it cannot reverse the fundamental pathological process of atherosclerosis. Dyslipidemia is a core risk factor for disease progression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dioscorea yam gruel, a traditional Chinese dietary therapy, on blood lipid levels in patients after PCI.

Methods (Brief Outline):

Seventy-two post-PCI patients were randomized 1:1 to control (standard care) or intervention (standard care plus 150 g/day Dioscorea yam gruel for 12 weeks). Lipid profiles were assessed at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Body mass index (BMI) was measured at baseline and 12 weeks.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Meeting the diagnostic criteria for coronary heart disease (2020 edition)
• Undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
• Aged between 18 and 75 years
• Having been on a stable dose of statin therapy for at least 4 weeks prior to screening
• Being in a stable clinical condition, conscious, providing informed consent, and participating voluntarily

Exclusion Criteria:

• Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level < 70 mg/dL(<1.81mmol/L) at screening
• Complicating with other severe diseases or diseases that affect blood lipid levels, such as malignant tumors, acute cerebrovascular disease, nephrotic syndrome, severe liver disease, Cushing's syndrome, and others
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Concurrently participating in other dietary or exercise intervention programs

Individual participant data will not be shared because the study data contain potentially identifiable patient information, and the informed consent obtained from participants did not explicitly include provisions for public data sharing. Additionally, institutional policy currently does not require or support the open sharing of individual-level clinical trial data

Participants and care providers were not blinded due to the nature of the dietary intervention. Outcome assessors and data analysts were blinded to group allocation throughout the trial