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This observational study aims to describe the histopathological features of granulation tissue (GT) found in residual periodontal pockets at the time of surgical intervention, after completion of the first two steps of periodontal therapy, according to EFP guidelines (Sanz et al., 2020).
A secondary objective was to analyze GT characteristics in relation to clinical outcomes (e.g., defect type, probing depth reduction and clinical attachment gain) in order to identify possible statistical associations between tissue patterns and clinical improvements.
The study was conducted at the Section of Periodontology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Ethical approval was obtained from the Sapienza University Ethics Committee (6997 / 23-01-2023).
Granulation tissue samples were collected during standard periodontal surgery from tissues that would normally be removed, without any additional intervention for the enrolled patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Periodontitis patients with residual periodontal pockets | Systemically healthy, non-smoking adults with stage III or IV periodontitis and at least one residual periodontal pocket (≥5 mm) requiring surgical treatment after non-surgical therapy. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Histopathological characterization of granulation tissue components | Semiquantitative analysis (0-4 scale) of epithelial, subepithelial connective, deep connective, inflammatory, and osseous components in GT samples. | At time of surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Correlation between GT composition and clinical outcomes | Assessed through statistical association analysis with probing depth reduction, clinical attachment gain and defect type | At time of surgery |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Systemically healthy, non-smoking adults with stage III or IV periodontitis and at least one residual periodontal pocket (≥5 mm) requiring surgical treatment after non-surgical therapy.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Section of Periodontology | Roma | Roma | 00161 | Italy |
Individual participant data (IPD) will not be made publicly available. De-identified data may be shared upon reasonable request, following ethical and institutional regulation
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010518 | Periodontitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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granulation tissue from periodontal pockets (formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue)