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The existing literature examining the effect of female sex hormones across the phases of the menstrual cycle on muscle microdamage and oxygen uptake is limited. The protective role of estrogens against muscle microdamage is supported by findings from some studies; however, it is questioned by others. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eccentric exercise on biomarkers of muscle microdamage and on oxygen uptake during two phases of the menstrual cycle in healthy premenopausal women.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eccentric exercise | Experimental | A group of female subjects performed an exercise with one leg and an exercise with the other leg, separated by 2 weeks. Before and 2 days after the exercise sessions, performance was assessed. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isokinetic eccentric exercise using knee extensors of the right lower limb | Other | Isokinetic eccentric exercise consisted of 10 min at 40% of maximal voluntary contractions, followed by 2 min maximal intensity muscle effort |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal isometric torque | maximal performance during 5 sec isometric knee extensors contraction, assessed pre and 48 h post eccentric exercise | From enrollment to the end of the intervention at 2 weeks |
| Delayed onset muscle soreness | Palpation of the muscle belly, performed pre and 48h post eccentric exercise | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 2 weeks |
| Oxygen consumption | During the isokinetic eccentric exercise, participants were attached to a gas analyser for continuously measuring oxygen consumption. | From enrollment to the end of the intervention at 2 weeks |
| Duration of the isokinetic exercise | The total duration of exercise performed on the isokinetic dynamometer was recorded | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 2 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Females with normal menstrual cycle
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Vassilis Paschalis, PhD | National and Kapodistrian University of Athens | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Physical Educaiton and Sport Science | Dafni | Attica | 17234 | Greece |
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| Isokinetic eccentric exercise using knee extensors of the left lower limb | Other | Isokinetic eccentric exercise consisted of 10 min at 40% of maximal voluntary contractions, followed by 2 min maximal intensity muscle effort |
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