Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The purpose of the study is that Animal-fun activities capture children's attention, making them a powerful tool for enhancing kinesthetic awareness and gross motor skills. Although play-based programs like Animal Fun boost motor development, no research has yet examined if adding animal interaction can specifically improve proprioception in children with Down syndrome. There is no difference in the effects of animal fun program on kinesthesia in children with Down syndrome.There is a difference in the effects of animal fun program on kinesthesia in Children with Down syndrome.
Down syndrome (DS), resulting from a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21 in approximately 1 in 650-1,000 live births, represents the most frequent genetic origin of intellectual disability and is often accompanied by delayed attainment of motor developmental milestones. Insufficient motor coordination and proprioceptive awareness can significantly limit participation in physical activities. Proprioceptive input mediated by muscle spindles, joint and skin receptors, and Golgi tendon organs underlies kinesthesia, our sensory perception of movement and spatial orientation. The Animal Fun program, a structured, inclusive early intervention originally designed for typically developing children, has demonstrated effectiveness in improving gross and fine motor skills, balance, manual dexterity, and socio-emotional development.The study design will be Quasi Experimental Study. This study will recruit 26 children of Down Syndrome to evaluate a modified Animal Fun program on Kinesthesia in children with down syndrome. Animal fun program will be provided for 8 weeks and in one week four sessions will be conducted. The study will be completed in 10 months after the approval of synopsis. Data will be collected from step up rehabilitation center Lahore. Participants fulfilling the eligibility criteria will be asked to assign the consent form before entering into study. Kinesthesia effect will be assessed by joint position sense test. A goniometer measures joint angles and accuracy is calculated by comparing target and reproduced angles. The synopsis will presented to the Research Ethical Committee of Riphah International University, Lahore for ethical approval to conduct this study. Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 26.0.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Animal fun program | Experimental | The experimental group will receive animal fun program, the program includes 30 minutes each day for 4 days/ week, usually with an outdoor session of 15 minutes and an indoor session of 15 minutes per day. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animal fun program | Other | The Animal Fun program, consists of the following modules: Module 1: Body Management (Static balance, Dynamic balance, climbing) Module 2: Locomotion (Walking, Jumping, Hopping, Skipping) Module 3: Object Control (Throwing, Catching, Kicking) Module 4: Body Sequencing (Trunk, Limbs) Module 5: Body and Kinesthetic Management: Trunk and Upper Limb (Eye hand coordination, Visual kinesthetic) Module 6: Fine Motor Planning Module 7: Tool Control (Pre-scissor/scissor skills, Paint brush use, Drawing/pre-writing skills). Module 8: Hand Skills (Individual finger strength, Grip strength, Pincer grip) Module 9: Social/Emotional Development (Laughter, Identifying and labelling feelings, Breathing, Relaxation). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Joint position sense test | Joint Position Sense (JPS) testing was conducted using a standardized protocol and a consistent measurement tool, specifically a goniometer, to assess the accuracy of joint angle reproduction. The difference between the reference angle and the reproduced angle was calculated to determine the Joint position sense test (JPS) error, with greater differences indicating larger deficits. A score of zero was assigned if the participant exactly reproduced the reference angle. Although directionality (over- or underestimation) was noted, only the absolute values of angle differences were used for final analysis. | Baseline, 8 weeks |
Not provided
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IMRAN AMJAD, PHD | Contact | 92332243390125 | imranamjad@riphah.edu.pk | |
| Muhammad Asif Javed, MS-PT | Contact | 923224209422 | a.javed@riphah.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sadia Khan, MS-PT | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step up Rehabilitation centre | Recruiting | Lahore | Punjab Province | 54000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33898640 | Background | Chicoine B, Rivelli A, Fitzpatrick V, Chicoine L, Jia G, Rzhetsky A. Prevalence of Common Disease Conditions in a Large Cohort of Individuals With Down Syndrome in the United States. J Patient Cent Res Rev. 2021 Apr 19;8(2):86-97. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1824. eCollection 2021 Spring. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007088 | Illusions |
| D004314 | Down Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010468 | Perceptual Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
There is only one group in my study which was given by intervention
Not provided
Not provided
No one is blinded in this study
Not provided
|
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D008607 | Intellectual Disability |
| D000015 | Abnormalities, Multiple |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D025063 | Chromosome Disorders |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |