Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block

Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Ropivacaine for Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Parallel-Group Trial

This is a single-center, randomized, single-blind, parallel-group clinical trial. The study aims to compare the analgesic efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine versus ropivacaine for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to receive either liposomal bupivacaine or ropivacaine for TAP block during surgery. The primary outcome is the dynamic NRS pain score at 24 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes include static and dynamic NRS pain scores at multiple time points, QoR-15 recovery quality, time to first rescue analgesia, analgesic consumption, gastrointestinal function recovery, length of hospital stay, and adverse events. Participants will be followed up to 3 months after surgery to evaluate the incidence of chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP). All participants will receive routine clinical care, and participation is voluntary.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18-65 years, either gender.
• Patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
• ASA physical status I-III.
• Able to provide written informed consent and complete the 3-month follow-up.

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of allergy to local anesthetics.
• History of dementia, psychosis, or other central nervous system diseases.
• History of chronic pain or long-term use of opioids or other analgesics.
• Contraindications to nerve block: infection at puncture site, severe coagulopathy.
• Severe hepatic or renal dysfunction, pregnancy, or lactation.