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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Chang Gung University | OTHER |
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Both aging and Parkinson's disease (PD) negatively affect postural control and increase the risk of falls, with frontal plane balance being particularly challenging for these populations. While previous studies have mainly focused on sagittal plane balance, the contribution of hip abductor muscles remains unclear, especially regarding their force production and control abilities. Therefore, this study aims to investigate hip abductor muscle force production and force control, and to examine whether these factors are associated with postural control, gait, and balance performance in individuals across different ages and those with PD.
Both aging and Parkinson's disease (PD) negatively affect postural control and increase the risk of falls, with frontal plane balance being particularly challenging for these populations. Previous studies have mainly focused on sagittal plane balance and have identified the important roles of ankle plantar flexors and knee extensors; however, the contribution of hip abductor muscles-key muscles for frontal plane stability-remains unclear, particularly in terms of their force production and control abilities. Therefore, this study aims to investigate hip abductor muscle force production and force control, and to examine whether these factors are associated with postural control, gait, and balance performance in individuals across different ages and those with PD. Healthy young, middle-aged, and older adults will be recruited from the community, and individuals with PD will be recruited from the Department of Neurology. Healthy participants must be in good health, able to walk independently, demonstrate normal cognitive function, and provide informed consent, while those with neurological, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, or other conditions affecting motor performance will be excluded. For individuals with PD, inclusion criteria will be a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic PD, Hoehn and Yahr stages 1 to 3, stable anti-PD medication use, and the ability to follow instructions and walk at least 10 m. Exclusion criteria will include psychiatric, immune, integumentary, or musculoskeletal disorders, neurological conditions other than PD, lower extremity pain, uncontrolled cardiovascular disease, or inability to provide informed consent. All participants will undergo a one-time assessment, including maximal voluntary isometric contraction, force steadiness, postural control, and gait performance.
Surface electromyography will be used to assess neuromuscular function, postural control will be evaluated using a force plate under multiple standing conditions, and gait parameters will be measured at both comfortable and fast walking speeds. Statistical analyses will be conducted using ANOVA to examine group differences.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy people | General healthy adults |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Other | We compare the young, middle-aged, and old groups |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal force | The maximal force of lower extremity muscles | Baseline |
| Rate of torque development | The ability to rapidly generate muscle force | Baseline |
| Force steadiness | The ability to maintain a constant force output during a submaximal contraction | Baseline |
| Walking speed | The time taken by participants to walk a standardized distance | Baseline |
| Step Length | The linear distance between the two ankles, typically expressed in centimeter(cm). | Baseline |
| Cadence | The number of steps taken per minute (SPM) | Baseline |
| Single Support Time | The duration within the gait cycle when only one foot is in contact with the ground, typically measured in seconds or as a percentage of the total gait cycle. | Baseline |
| Double Support Time | The portion of the gait cycle where both feet are in contact with the ground, indicating the transition phase between steps, expressed as a percentage of the gait cycle or in seconds. |
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Healthy people
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
PD
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Exclusion Criteria:
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This study recruits healthy elderly individuals, healthy middle-aged individuals, healthy young individuals, and individuals with PD.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chu-Ling Yen | Contact | 886-3-2118800 | 3059 | clyen@mail.cgu.edu.tw |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Chu-Ling Yen | Chang Gung University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chang Gung Memorial Hospital | Recruiting | Taoyuan | Taiwan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010300 | Parkinson Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020734 | Parkinsonian Disorders |
| D001480 | Basal Ganglia Diseases |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000375 | Aging |
| D000073216 | Mental Status and Dementia Tests |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D048788 | Growth and Development |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D009483 | Neuropsychological Tests |
| D011581 | Psychological Tests |
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| Parkinson's disease (PD) |
| Other |
We compare the healthy group and PD group. |
|
| Baseline |
| Swing Time | The portion of the gait cycle where the foot is not in contact with the ground, moving forward to the next step. It is usually expressed as a percentage of the total gait cycle or in seconds. | Baseline |
| Center of Pressure (COP) Velocity in Balance Tasks | The speed at which the COP moves, calculated over the duration of the balance task. Higher velocities may reflect more dynamic balance adjustments or instability. Unit：millimeter per second(mm/s) | Baseline |
| Center of Pressure (COP) Area in Balance Tasks | The area covered by the COP trajectory during the balance task, providing an estimate of the sway envelope. A larger area might indicate poorer balance control. Unit：square millimeter(mm^2) | Baseline |
| Timed Up-and-Go Test | Tthe time an individual takes to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back, and sit down. | Baseline |
| Four Square Step Test | Participants will be required to perform four square step test by changing directions while stepping forward, sideway, and backward over a low obstacle as fast as possible. | Baseline |
| Chang Gung University | Recruiting | Taoyuan | Taiwan |
|
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009069 | Movement Disorders |
| D000080874 | Synucleinopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |