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Wrestling is a weight-classified sport in which athletes frequently apply rapid weight loss (RWL) strategies prior to competition. While the performance-related consequences of RWL have been widely investigated, its combined effects with exercise on hematological parameters and immune cell profiles remain insufficiently understood. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of short-term weight loss and exercise on whole blood cell parameters and lymphocyte subsets in elite wrestlers.
Nine elite male wrestlers actively competing in the senior category (mean age: 22.90 ± 5.15 years; mean height: 1.75 m) voluntarily participated in this study. Athletes will achieve an average body mass reduction of 4.3% over a five-day period. Venous blood samples will be collected at 09:30 a.m. in a fasted state during two experimental phases: (1) Exercise-only phase, with blood sampling before and after exercise (BRWL1 and BRWL2); (2) Exercise plus weight loss phase, following the five-day weight loss period, with blood sampling before and after exercise (ARWL1 and ARWL2). Complete blood count parameters will be analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer, while lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD16/56+) will be assessed by flow cytometry. Statistical analyses will be performed with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
See brief summary for study protocol details
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Other | Participants performed a standardized wrestling exercise session on the first day of testing. Venous blood samples were collected pre- and post-exercise (pre-exercise: BRWL1; post-exercise: BRWL2) to evaluate hematological and lymphocyte subset responses. |
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| Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss | Other | Participants underwent a 5-day rapid weight loss protocol prior to the exercise session, achieving an average body mass reduction of 4.3%. On the fifth day, the same standardized exercise protocol as Group 1 was performed, and pre- and post-exercise blood samples were collected (pre-exercise: ARWL1; post-exercise: ARWL2) to evaluate hematological and lymphocyte subset responses. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Other | Standardized wrestling exercise session; pre- and post-exercise venous blood collected |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Leukocyte Count | Change in total white blood cell (WBC) count measured from pre- to post-exercise | Pre- and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
| Change in Lymphocyte Percentage | Change in percentage of lymphocytes relative to total WBC count, measured from pre- to post-exercise. | Pre- and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
| Change in CD3+ T Cell Count | Change in absolute count of CD3+ T lymphocytes measured from pre- to post-exercise. | Pre- and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
| Change in CD4+ T Cell Count | Change in absolute count of CD4+ helper T lymphocytes measured from pre- to post-exercise. | Pre- and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
| Change in CD8+ T Cell Count | Change in absolute count of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes measured from pre- to post-exercise. | Pre- and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
| Change in CD19+ B Cell Count | Change in absolute count of CD19+ B lymphocytes measured from pre- to post-exercise. | Pre- and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Creatine Kinase and Lactic Acid Levels | Serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactic acid (LA) levels measured to assess anaerobic performance and muscle damage. | Pre-exercise and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Sports Sciences Laboratory | Ankara | Ankara | 06000 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| Rapid Weight Loss | Other | 5-day rapid weight loss protocol achieving average 4.3% body mass reduction |
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| Change in CD16/56+ NK Cell Count |
Change in absolute count of CD16/56+ natural killer (NK) cells measured from pre- to post-exercise. |
| Pre- and post-exercise (Day 1 for Exercise Only group; Day 5 for Exercise + Rapid Weight Loss group) |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015431 | Weight Loss |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001836 | Body Weight Changes |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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