Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Dialysis Patients and Traditional Risk Factors

Association of Traditional Cardiovascular and Dialysis-Specific Risk Factors With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study"

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
• Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a validated surrogate marker for atherosclerosis.
• Both traditional cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia) and dialysis-specific factors (mineral metabolism disorders, dialysis duration) contribute to vascular damage.

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
• Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a validated surrogate marker for atherosclerosis.
• Both traditional cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia) and dialysis-specific factors (mineral metabolism disorders, dialysis duration) contribute to vascular damage.
• Gap in knowledge: Few studies have comprehensively assessed the combined impact of these factors on CIMT in HD patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. Age 18 or older. 2. Patients with sepsis without AKI at the time of admission.

Exclusion Criteria:

• o Active malignancy

  • Acute infections
  • Recent cardiovascular events (<3 months)
  • Poor echocardiographic window for CIMT measurement