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This study evaluated the acute effects of two low-intensity front crawl training conditions on swimming kinematics in adolescent swimmers. After a standardized warm-up, participants performed either low-intensity tethered front crawl or low-intensity free-swimming front crawl. Kinematic measurements were obtained immediately after task completion using an accelerometer. One week later, the final exercise condition was rotated between groups so that both groups completed both training conditions.
This study investigated the effects of two low-intensity front crawl training conditions on swimming kinematics in adolescent swimmers. All participants completed the same standardized warm-up protocol. After the warm-up, Group A performed 6 × 10 cycles of low-intensity tethered front crawl with 10-second rest intervals between sets, while Group B performed 6 × 50 m of low-intensity front crawl starting every 60 seconds. During both exercise conditions, participants were instructed to focus on stroke length and correct body position in the water.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sequence A | Experimental | Participants completed low-intensity tethered front crawl in the first session and low-intensity free front crawl in the second session, one week later. |
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| Sequence B | Experimental | Participants completed low-intensity free front crawl in the first session and low-intensity tethered front crawl in the second session, one week later. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-Intensity Tethered Front Crawl Swimming | Behavioral | Participants performed 6 × 10 cycles of low-intensity front crawl while tethered, with 10-second rest intervals between sets. During the exercise, participants were instructed to focus on stroke length and correct body position in the water. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Front Crawl Kinematic Variables Measured by Accelerometer | ront crawl kinematic variables were assessed with an accelerometer during each 50 m front crawl trial performed after the assigned exercise condition. Variables included body roll (maximum angular velocity around the vertical axis [ωmaxR] and maximum pelvic tilt angle around the vertical axis [AmaxR]), yaw rotation (maximum angular velocity around the sagittal axis [ωmaxY] and acceleration along the transverse axis [atmax]), pitch rotation (maximum angular velocity around the transverse axis [ωmaxP] and acceleration along the sagittal axis [asmax]), and progressive movement (maximum acceleration along the vertical axis [avmax]). | Baseline and 1 week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Time to Achieve 50 m | Time required to complete 50 m front crawl, expressed in seconds. | Baseline and 1 week |
| Stroke Length | Stroke length during front crawl, expressed in meters. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swimming Pool at Koncertowa 4 | Warsaw | Masovian Voivodeship | 02-785 | Poland |
Individual participant data will not be shared. Processed and aggregated research data used for analysis may be shared separately in a public repository.
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Participants completed two low-intensity front crawl conditions in a crossover design. After a standardized warm-up, Group A performed tethered front crawl and Group B performed free-swimming front crawl. One week later, the final exercise condition was rotated between groups so that both groups completed both intervention conditions.
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| Low-Intensity Free Front Crawl Swimming | Behavioral | Participants performed 6 × 50 m of low-intensity front crawl, starting every 60 seconds. During the exercise, participants were instructed to focus on stroke length and correct body position in the water. |
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| Baseline and 1 week |