Current labels for the nicotine in e-cigarette/vaping products do not sufficiently convey information to the public. The aims of this study include developing and validating two new types of labels for the nicotine in vaping products: nicotine concentration and nicotine flux (reflecting nicotine emissions). Investigators will survey youth (ages 14-20) and adults (ages 21+ [21 is the legal age to purchase tobacco products in the U.S.]) to evaluate the utility of several new labels investigators have developed.

The primary goal of the proposed study is to improve labeling of the nicotine in e-cigarettes so that both youth and adults better understand the nicotine strength of these products. Aims include: 1) developing a universally-applicable nicotine concentration label that provides more information than does current market labeling, and 2) examining the utility of labeling nicotine flux (i.e., the nicotine produced through the product mouthpiece) for closed-system e-cigarettes relative to current market labeling and the new nicotine concentration labeling.

This study has three primary objectives. First, to produce an optimized nicotine concentration label that could be used to replace current FDA-mandated nicotine concentration labeling for all ENDS. Second, to develop optimized nicotine flux labeling for closed-system devices for which flux values are readily calculatable. Third, to compare the optimized nicotine concentration and flux labels to one another to determine if there is added value of including flux labeling on closed system devices. Given that flux labels have never been developed before, the proposed study will be the first to speak to their potential utility.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Youth* (14-20 years) or an adults (21 years and older)

  • The legal age for purchasing tobacco in the U.S. is 21 years. Therefore, ages for youth and adults were split at the legal age for purchase.

• Resides in the United States

• Reports no history of tobacco product use (25% of the youth and adult samples, respectively) or past-month use of e-cigarettes (but not cigarettes; 25%), cigarettes (but not e-cigarettes; 25%), or both e-cigarettes and cigarettes (25%).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children under 14 years

As outlined in the data management and sharing plan, the following data will be shared on openICPSR, which supports user-friendly search terms (e.g., by PI name, project title, keywords) and assigns a persistent digital object identifier (DOI) to all projects.

1. The anonymous survey data
2. A codebook explaining variables
3. An annotated syntax file that outlines how variables were coded/created
4. Syntax for the central study analyses that were conducted

Data will be made available no later than the time of an associated publication or the end of the performance period, whichever comes first. Data will be available indefinitely.

Data may be obtained after a user agrees to abide by all ICPSR licensing terms. Further, prior to downloading data, users must agree "1) To not use the datasets for investigation of specific research subjects, except when identification is authorized in writing by ICPSR (which is not applicable to the proposed project); 2) To make no use of the identity of any research subject discovered inadvertently (which is not applicable to the proposed project), and 3) to advise ICPSR of any such discovery."