Evaluation of the Sedative Effect of Contextualized Music Listening on Patient Pain and Anxiety in a Dental Care Setting

Musical Grammatological and Neurocognitive Parameterization of Analgesic and Anxiolytic Effects of Culturally and Personally Contextualized Music Listening During Painful Dental Procedures

The goal of this clinical study is to determine whether listening to culturally and personally contextualized music can reduce pain and anxiety in adults undergoing dental procedures. It will also examine how this intervention affects physiological responses related to stress.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Does listening to a preselected, patient-chosen musical sequence reduce perceived pain during a dental procedure?
• Does the music modulate physiological stress responses, such as heart rate and blood pressure?
• Do the analgesic and anxiolytic effects vary depending on the patient's cultural musical preferences (e.g., Mashriq vs. Western music)? How do patients perceive the effectiveness of the music, and how does this relate to physiological and self-reported measures?

Researchers will compare periods with and without music during the same dental procedure to evaluate the effect of the musical intervention.

Participants will:

• Choose a musical sequence from a predefined selection based on relaxing musical characteristics
• Undergo a dental treatment involving drilling for caries
• Experience alternating phases with and without music during the procedure
• Have their heart rate, blood pressure, and pain levels measured at different stages
• Complete questionnaires assessing anxiety before the procedure and their experience after the treatment

The study includes 30 adult participants and is conducted in a private dental clinic.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients aged 18 to 60 years.
• Visiting the dental clinic for treatment of dental caries.
• Able to provide written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who do not provide written informed consent.
• Children (under 18 years of age).
• Patients with known mental or physical disorders.
• Pregnant women.
• Patients currently taking analgesics, anxiolytics, or antidepressants.