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Objective: The study aims to examine the effect of lullabies and white noise on breastfeeding success in newborns.
Method: The study was conducted using a randomized controlled experimental design. The sample size, determined based on power analysis, consisted of 160 newborns, and participants were divided into four groups (female voice lullaby=40, male voice lullaby=40, white noise=40, control=40). Infants in the experimental groups were exposed to the relevant auditory stimulus during breastfeeding, while no intervention was made in the control group. Data were collected using the mother and newborn information form and the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Scale.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control Group: | No Intervention | Control Group: No auditory stimulus was applied. Mothers and newborns were observed under natural conditions with appropriate breastfeeding positioning. | |
| Female Lullaby Group: | Experimental | Female Lullaby Group: Female lullaby (Mircan Kaya - Çamlıbelden Çıktım Yayan) was played at 55 dB during the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. |
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| Male Lullaby Group: | Experimental | Male Lullaby Group: Male lullaby (Kadim Tekin - Çamlıbelden Çıktım Yayan) was played at 55 dB during the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. |
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| White Noise Group: | Experimental | White Noise Group: White noise (Orhan Osman - Bebeğiniz Ağlamasın 2) was played at 55 dB during the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Woman's Voice Lullaby | Other | Mircan Kaya - The lullaby "I Set Out on Foot from Çamlıbel" was played at a sound level of 55 dB during the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Scale Score | The LATCH scale consists of five subcategories: L (Latching-on), A (Audible swallowing), T (Type of nipple), C (Comfort), and H (Help). Each subcategory is scored on a scale of 0 to 2. The total score ranges from 0 to 10, with a higher score indicating better breastfeeding success. | Within the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding during the first 24 hours after birth |
| LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool Score | The LATCH scale consists of 5 components (Latching-on, Audible swallowing, Type of nipple, Comfort, Help) each scored 0-2. Total score ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating better breastfeeding success. | Within the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding at 24 hours postpartum |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Gestational age between 38 and 42 weeks Birth weight between 2,500 and 4,000 grams Apgar scores of 8 or higher at 1 and 5 minutes No anatomical, physiological, congenital, or auditory anomalies No family history of childhood hearing loss Healthy newborns for whom parental consent was obtained
Exclusion Criteria:
Preterm or post-term newborns (gestational age <37 weeks or >42 weeks) Newborns with congenital anomalies or health problems Mothers with hearing impairment Mothers with communication barriers
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tokat State Hospital | Tokat Province | Tokat Province | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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Four parallel groups: Control, Female lullaby, Male lullaby, and White noise groups. In all intervention groups, auditory stimuli were applied at 55 dB and evaluated with the LATCH scale during the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding.
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| A man's voice singing a lullaby | Other | Kadim Tekin - "I Set Out on Foot from Çamlıbel" lullaby was played at a sound level of 55 dB during the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. |
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| White Noise | Other | Orhan Osman - Don't Let Your Baby Cry: Two white noise recordings were played at a sound level of 55 dB during the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. |
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