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This study aimed to investigate whether the biomarkers GFAP, NfL, and VEGF-recently considered important guides for better understanding the pathophysiology of MS-also serve as indicators of clinical progression in MS.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive Multiple Sclerosis |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) | The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is a method of quantifying disability in multiple sclerosis. Scores range from 0 to 10, in 0.5-point increments, where 0 indicates normal neurological status and 10 indicates death due to multiple sclerosis. The scale is based on the assessment of functional systems and ambulation, with higher scores reflecting greater disability. | Baseline |
| Standardized Mini-Mental Test | The Standardized Mini-Mental Test (MMT/MMSE) score ranges from 0 to 30. Higher scores indicate better cognitive function. | Baseline |
| Symbol Digit Modalities Test | The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a neuropsychological test used to assess information processing speed, attention, and visual-motor coordination. Score range: Typically 0 to ~110 (number of correct responses in 90 seconds; exact upper limit depends on performance) Higher scores: Indicate better cognitive processing speed and function | Baseline |
| Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) | Score range: 29-145 (each item scored 1-5) Higher scores: Indicate greater impact of MS on daily life (worse physical and psychological status) | Baseline |
| Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) | This biomarker will be analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | Baseline |
| Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) | This biomarker will be analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seda Nur Kemer | Contact | +903623121919 | sedakemer@gmail.com |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009103 | Multiple Sclerosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020278 | Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS |
| D020274 | Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D003711 | Demyelinating Diseases |
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| Baseline |
| Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) | This biomarker will be analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). | Baseline |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |