Efficacy and Safety of Interferon-Gamma Monoclonal Antibody Combined With Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Refractory Adult Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

Efficacy and Safety of Interferon-Gamma Monoclonal Antibody Combined With Dexamethasone in the Treatment of Refractory Adult Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

The goal of this observational study is to learn if interferon-gamma monoclonal antibody combined with dexamethasone works to treat adults with refractory secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). The main questions it aims to answer are:

How well does this treatment help patients recover from refractory secondary HLH? How safe is this treatment for these patients? Participants will receive interferon-gamma monoclonal antibody and dexamethasone as part of their clinical care. Researchers will monitor participants with regular blood tests, physical exams, and safety checks for up to 8 weeks of treatment. They will collect information about how participants respond to treatment and any side effects that occur.

This study will include about 22 adult participants at Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 18 years
• Confirmed diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) according to HLH-2004 criteria
• Refractory HLH defined as inadequate response or progression after at least 2 weeks of standard first-line or second-line therapy
• Able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Active infection with mycobacteria, histoplasma, CMV, herpes zoster, or HIV
• Left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%
• Concurrent use of other anti-neoplastic or investigational agents
• Other uncontrolled infections judged by the investigator
• Psychiatric disorders or poor protocol compliance