MMP-2/3 and Periapical Healing Outcomes

Association of MMP-2 and MMP-3 Polymorphisms With 12-Month Radiographic Healing After Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment in Chronic Apical Periodontitis: A Prospective Clinical Study

This prospective randomized clinical study will investigate the association between MMP-2 and MMP-3 gene polymorphisms and radiographic healing outcomes following nonsurgical root canal treatment in patients with chronic apical periodontitis. A total of 50 patients will undergo standardized endodontic treatment and will be followed for 12 months. Genotyping will be performed using baseline DNA samples, and periapical healing will be assessed using the Periapical Index (PAI). The relationship between genetic variations and treatment outcomes will be analyzed to determine whether host-related genetic factors influence healing patterns after root canal therapy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Single-rooted teeth
• PAI score ≥ 3
• Fully developed root apices
• Periodontal probing depth less than 5 mm
• Indication for primary nonsurgical root canal treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous endodontic treatment in the selected tooth
• Diagnosis of symptomatic apical abscess
• Presence of root fracture or internal/external resorption
• Use of systemic antibiotics within the previous 4 weeks
• Analgesic intake within 48 hours before treatment
• Ongoing immunosuppressive therapy
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding