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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Bloomberg Philanthropies | OTHER |
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The goal of this study is to examine what type of front-of-package label (FOPL) would be most effective at discouraging consumption of products high in nutrients of concern in Indonesia. The main questions this experiment aims to answer are:
Additionally, this experiment also aims to determine how should nutrient warning labels be designed to most effectively discourage consumption of products high in nutrients of concern among Indonesian consumers.
Participants will complete an online randomized experiment programmed in Qualtrics. Following online consent, participants will be randomly assigned to one of two arms: 1. Nutrient Warning Label 2. Nutri-Level Label (color-coded summary nutritional label). Participants will view four different products (sweet tea, sausages, instant noodles, and yogurt) carrying their assigned label and will answer a series of questions about the products and the labels. All participants will then see nutrient warning labels with different designs in random order, and will select the label design they consider to best signal when products have high in nutrients of concern. Survey questions will also include standard demographic and health related variables.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient Warning Label | Experimental | Participants are assigned to view food products displaying nutrient warning labels indicating that the product is high in sugar, salt, and/or fat. |
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| Nutri-Level | Experimental | Participants are assigned to view food products displaying a Nutri-Level summary nutrition label. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient Warning Label | Behavioral | Presentation of food products with one or more nutrient warning labels (black octagons) indicating that the product is high in sugar, salt, and/or fat. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Correct identification of products high in nutrients of concern | Correct identification of products as high in nutrients of concern will be measured categorically by survey. Response will be coded in a dichotomous 0-1 range, where 1 indicates that the participant correctly identified that the product was high in a nutrient of concern and 0 indicates that the participant did not correctly identify that the products was high in a nutrient of concern. | During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Perceived message effectiveness | Perceived message effectiveness will be measured by survey through a three-item scale. Items will inquire about how much participants perceive the labels to (1) discourage them from wanting to buy products with non-nutritive sweeteners for their child, (2) make them concerned about the health effects of their child consuming products with non-nutritive sweeteners, and (3) make buying products with non-nutritive sweeteners for their child seem unpleasant to them. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "not at all" (coded as 1) and "very much" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing a higher perceived message effectiveness. Each participant's responses to each item will be combined to obtain their final score on the outcome. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aline D'Angelo Campos, PhD, MPP | Contact | 919-962-1136 | adangelo-campos@unc.edu | |
| Corey Levinson, MPH | Contact | corey_levinson@unc.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lindsey S Taillie, PhD | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carolina Population Center | Chapel Hill | North Carolina | 27516 | United States |
The Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan will be shared prior to data collection. After data collection and analysis, a de-identified version of individual participant data and the analytic code will be shared through the Open Science Framework (OSF).
The Study Protocol and statistical analysis plan will be available by April 2026 (prior to data collection). A de-identified version of the data collected and analytic code used will become available after data collection and analysis and will remain available indefinitely.
Open access
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
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| Nutri-Level | Behavioral | Presentation of food products with a Nutri-Level summary nutrition label assigning a letter grade (A-D) based on sugar, salt, and/or fat content. |
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| During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| Attention drawn by the labels | How much attention the labels draw will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "not at all" (coded as 1) and "extremely" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing more attention drawn by the labels. | During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| Ease of understanding the labels | How easy or difficult the information presented by the labels is to understand will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "very difficult" (coded as 1) and "very easy" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing higher ease of understanding the labels. | During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| Support for the labels | How much participants would oppose or support a law requiring the labels products with too much sugar, salt, and fat will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "strongly oppose" (coded as 1) and "Strongly support" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing higher support for the labels. | During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| Trust in the labels | How much participants trust or distrust the information presented by the labels will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "distrust completely" (coded as 1) and "trust completely" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing more trust in the labels. | During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| Cultural acceptance of the labels | How acceptable would the labels would be in Indonesian society will be measured by survey. Response options will be on a 5-point scale between "completely unacceptable" (coded as 1) and "completely acceptable" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing more cultural acceptance of the labels. | During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| Reactance to the labels | Reactance to the labels will be measured by survey through a three-item scale. Items will inquire about how much participants agree or disagree that the labels (1) are trying to manipulate them, (2) are overblown, and (3) annoy them. Response options to each item will be on a 5-point scale between "strongly disagree" (coded as 1) and "strongly agree" (coded as 5), with higher scores representing a reactance to the labels. Each participant's responses to each item will be averaged to obtain their final score on the outcome on a scale between 1-5, where a higher score indicates higher reactance to the labels. | During exposure to intervention (i.e., study stimuli), assessed during one-time online 10-minute survey. |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |