Effects of PRF and i-PRF on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

The Effects of Adjunctive PRF and i-PRF Applications on GCF Levels of IL-1ß, TNF-α, IL-6, OPG and RANKL in Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if adding platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) or injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF), obtained from the participant's own blood, to standard non-surgical periodontal treatment helps improve gum health in individuals with periodontitis. It will also assess how these applications affect inflammation and bone-related markers in the gum fluid. The main questions it aims to answer are :

• Does the application of PRF or i-PRF improve clinical periodontal healing compared to standard treatment alone?
• Do these applications influence the levels of inflammatory and bone metabolism-related biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid? Researchers will compare patients receiving PRF or i-PRF in addition to standard periodontal treatment with those receiving standard treatment alone. In addition, the findings obtained from individuals with periodontal disease will be compared with data from periodontally healthy individuals.

Participants will:

• Receive standard periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing)
• Receive PRF or i-PRF depending on their assigned group
• Visit the clinic before treatment and at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after treatment for checkups

his study was designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the adjunctive effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in individuals with periodontitis undergoing non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).

A total of 56 participants were included in the study, comprising 42 systemically healthy patients diagnosed with periodontitis and 14 systemically and periodontally healthy individuals serving as controls. Periodontitis patients were randomly allocated into three treatment groups using a sealed-envelope method: NSPT alone (scaling and root planing, SRP), NSPT with adjunctive PRF application, and NSPT with adjunctive i-PRF application.

PRF and i-PRF were prepared from autologous venous blood obtained from the participants and were applied locally into periodontal pockets immediately following SRP.

Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th weeks following treatment. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected at baseline and at the 2nd and 6th weeks. The levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) and bone metabolism-related biomarkers (OPG and RANKL) in GCF were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The findings of this study provided insight into the potential clinical and biochemical benefits of PRF and i-PRF as adjunctive approaches in NSPT and allowed comparison with periodontally healthy conditions.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Voluntary consent to participate in the study
• Individuals aged 18 years or older
• Systemically healthy individuals
• Abstaining from the use of any drugs for any purpose
• No periodontal treatment history in the past six months
• Individuals who do not smoke

Exclusion Criteria:

• Absence of willingness to engage in the studies
• Individuals under the age of 18
• Existence of any systemic disease influencing periodontal condition and consistent medication usage
• Administration of local or systemic antibiotics within the preceding six months
• Chronicle of periodontal therapy during the past six months
• History of any periodontal surgical intervention within the past 12 months
• Pregnancy or lactation in female subjects
• Teeth with endodontic lesion or mobility degrees 2 and 3