Screening and Management of Adults With Asthma and Allergic Diseases

Screening and Management of Adults With Asthma and Allergic Diseases

The aim of this study is to develop and validate a digital screening tool and digital management system for asthma and allergic diseases among Chinese adults and to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated non-pharmacological interventions in improving disease control and quality of life.

The digital management cohort consists of:

• At least 12 months of longitudinal monitoring of symptoms, environmental exposures, and health behaviors via a digital platform, supplemented by regular clinical assessments.
• 3x embedded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the clinical efficacy of non-pharmacological strategies: allergen avoidance (anti-mite bedding), physical activity (wearable-guided exercise), and dietary management (Mediterranean diet).

Early identification and sustained management are crucial for mitigating the growing public health burden of asthma and allergic diseases. This study implements a coherent system spanning from population-level assessment to individualized, long-term care. The primary objectives are to:

Validate a culturally adapted screening questionnaire and an integrated digital health platform for the Chinese population.

Establish a prospective longitudinal cohort to investigate disease progression and evaluate the clinical efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions via embedded randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

The investigators will enroll approximately 9,666 first-year university students into a hybrid study that combines a digital cohort with targeted intervention trials. Following initial tool validation, large-scale screening will be conducted during entrance health check-ups. Individuals identified through screening or with self-reported allergic conditions will be invited to join a longitudinal management cohort for at least one year of follow-up.

Within this monitoring framework, eligible participants will be recruited into three distinct embedded RCTs evaluating non-pharmacological strategies:

• Allergen Avoidance: Evaluating the impact of weekly anti-mite bedding replacement and HEPA vacuuming.
• Exercise Intervention: An 8-week behavioral program using wearable activity trackers to improve outcomes for sedentary adults with asthma.
• Dietary Intervention: A 12-week study assessing the effects of a Mediterranean diet on asthma control.

Longitudinal follow-up utilizes a mixed-methods strategy, integrating passive self-reporting every 3 months via the digital platform with active researcher-led assessments every 6 months, including clinical laboratory testing (IgE, FeNO) and spirometry. This approach allows for the investigation of complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures in disease expression.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged ≥18 years
• Capable of providing informed consent and completing the questionnaire independently.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals with serious chronic diseases, immune disorders, or severe psychiatric/cognitive conditions.