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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Chinese University of Hong Kong | OTHER |
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This exploratory study investigates the relapse condition in Hong Kong adults after low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (LICBT) treatment for 18 to 48 months with a 6-month interval. Individuals who received LICBT treatment between 2017 and 2020 will be recruited to assess their current mental health status. It is hypothesised that the improvements in depression and anxiety scores will be maintained at 18-to-48-month follow-up.
The most prevalent common mental disorders worldwide are depression and anxiety. A local morbidity study illustrated that the prevalence rate for any common mental disorders is 13.3% in Hong Kong. Due to the huge demand for mental health services in Hong Kong, the waiting time for a new referral is around 1 year. Psychotherapies are suggested as first-line treatment for mood disorders, and while the effectiveness of traditional cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is consistently replicated, it is comparatively expensive and time-consuming. As a result, the delivery of traditional CBT alone cannot handle the huge demands for mental health service usage. To tackle this challenge, low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (LICBT) was developed in the United Kingdom (UK) to help individuals with lower severity of common mental disorders.
Local effectiveness of LICBT was supported by a pilot study in a Hong Kong community centre. In accordance with the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, service users were offered a brief treatment comprising six to eight structured sessions, in which they were assessed to identify the presenting problems and taught psychological tools to cope with their distress. Large effect sizes were reported for clinical improvements in depression and anxiety and satisfactory outcomes were also achieved. Despite the strong support for the short-term benefits of LICBT, depression and anxiety disorders are prone to relapse. Therefore, it is of great interest to investigate the long-term effects of LICBT.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy | Behavioral | Low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (LICBT) is a briefer form of the traditional cognitive behavioural therapy developed to help individuals with a lower severity of common mental disorders. LICBT is conducted in the form of individual guided self-help and comprises six to eight structured sessions in which psychological tools such as behavioural activation, worrying time, problem solving, exposure and habituation, and exposure and response prevention are taught. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) | The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 is a 9-item self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. Total scores on the PHQ-9 range from 0 to 27. Scores of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represent mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. | Follow-up at 18-48 months after treatment |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) | The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 is a 7-item self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms. Total scores on the GAD-7 range from 0 to 21. Scores of 5, 10, and 15 represent mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively. | Follow-up at 18-48 months after treatment |
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Inclusion Criteria:
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Participants were service users of a community mental health project in Hong Kong.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Patrick Wing Leung Leung, Ph.D. in Psychology | Chinese University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Life Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association | Hong Kong | Hong Kong |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15930067 | Background | Bruce SE, Yonkers KA, Otto MW, Eisen JL, Weisberg RB, Pagano M, Shea MT, Keller MB. Influence of psychiatric comorbidity on recovery and recurrence in generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and panic disorder: a 12-year prospective study. Am J Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;162(6):1179-87. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.6.1179. | |
| 33436141 |
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| Powell CLYM, Lo AP, Yeung GTY, Leung NTY, Mak WWS, So SHW, Chiu CD, Yau SSW, Mullan EG, Leung PWL. A pilot study on the effectiveness of low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy (LiCBT) for common mental disorders in Hong Kong. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2021 Nov;49(6):758-763. doi: 10.1017/S1352465820000971. Epub 2021 Jan 13. |
| 25660760 | Background | Lam LC, Wong CS, Wang MJ, Chan WC, Chen EY, Ng RM, Hung SF, Cheung EF, Sham PC, Chiu HF, Lam M, Chang WC, Lee EH, Chiang TP, Lau JT, van Os J, Lewis G, Bebbington P. Prevalence, psychosocial correlates and service utilization of depressive and anxiety disorders in Hong Kong: the Hong Kong Mental Morbidity Survey (HKMMS). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2015 Sep;50(9):1379-88. doi: 10.1007/s00127-015-1014-5. Epub 2015 Feb 8. |
| 29350997 | Background | Clark DM. Realizing the Mass Public Benefit of Evidence-Based Psychological Therapies: The IAPT Program. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2018 May 7;14:159-183. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050817-084833. Epub 2018 Jan 19. |
| 17448579 | Background | Burcusa SL, Iacono WG. Risk for recurrence in depression. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007 Dec;27(8):959-85. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.02.005. Epub 2007 Mar 3. |