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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| KTO Karatay University | OTHER |
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This study is planned to examine the effect of video-assisted laughter yoga on pain and menstrual symptoms among students studying at a university in Türkiye. Data will be collected at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Konya Karatay University, between November 2025 and April 2026. The study population will consist of students aged 18 to 24 years studying at the Faculty of Health Sciences during the specified period. The sample size was calculated using the G Power computer program. Using a power analysis at the α=0.05 level, the effect size was calculated as 150, 153 (d=0.8), and the working power was calculated as 90%, indicating that at least 68 students should be included in the sample. Students meeting the research criteria and agreeing to participate in the study will be randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The socio-demographic data of the students in the Faculty of Health Sciences, the Visual Analog Scale to assess students' pain, and the Menstrual Symptom Scale to measure menstrual symptoms, prepared by the researcher in accordance with the literature, will be used.
Research data will be collected face-to-face by the researcher. The study will be conducted with students who meet the inclusion criteria (being a student in the Faculty of Health Sciences, being willing to participate in the research, and being open to communication and collaboration). Pre-test assessment tools will be administered to the participating students. Following this, Laughter Yoga practice will be conducted. A total of 24 sessions will be implemented. Final post-test data will be administered after the last session.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Session I | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session II | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session III | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session IV | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session V | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Session 1: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic Information Form | This form consists of 14 questions prepared by the researcher. It includes questions about students' demographic information (age, department, class, marital status, and place of residence) and characteristics of their menstrual cycle (age of menarche, duration of bleeding and pain, etc.). | up to 1 day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | VAS is used to measure the pain a person perceives. On a 10 cm (100 mm) section of the scale, one end is marked with no pain (zero), and the other end with the most severe pain possible (10). The individual can indicate their pain by drawing a line, placing a dot, or marking a point. The distance from the point where there is no pain to the point marked by the individual is measured in centimeters, and the resulting value indicates the severity of the individual's pain. On the VAS scale, 0-44 mm indicates mild pain, 45-74 mm indicates moderate pain, and 75-100 mm indicates severe pain. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Menstrual Symptom Scale (MSS) | Developed in 1975 by Chesney and Tasto to assess menstrual pain and symptoms, it was updated in 2009 by Negriff et al., who re-evaluated its factor structure and usability in adolescents. Turkish validity and reliability were established by Güvenç et al. in 2014. The MSS is a five-point Likert-type scale consisting of twenty-two items. Participants are asked to rate their menstrual symptoms on a scale of 1 (never) to 5 (always). The scale has three sub-dimensions: 'Negative Effects/Somatic Complaints' (Items 1-13), 'Menstrual Pain Symptoms' (Items 14-19), and 'Coping Mechanisms' (Items 20-22). The highest possible score is 110, and the lowest is 22. The MSÖ score is calculated by taking the average of the total scores of the items on the scale. A higher average score indicates increased severity of menstrual symptoms. The score obtained from the subdimensions is calculated by taking the average of the total scores of the items in the subdimensions. A |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
female
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Safiye Ağapınar Şahin, Assoc. Prof. | Contact | 04422311233 | pinarsaf@gmail.com | |
| Hediye Karakoç, Assoc. Prof. | Contact | 0 541 229 17 26 | hediye.bekmezci@karatay.edu.tr |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KTO Karatay Üniversitesi | Recruiting | Konya | Karatay | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| Session VI | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session VII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session VIII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session IX | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session X | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XI | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XIII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XIV | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XV | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XVI | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XVII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XVIII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XIX | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| XX | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session XXI | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| XXII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| XXIII | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| XXIV | Experimental | The session will begin with hand clapping and warm-up exercises, followed by deep breathing exercises, childlike acting, and laughter exercises. |
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| Session 2: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 3: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 4: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 5: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 6: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 7: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 8: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 9: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 10: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 11: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 12: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 13: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 14: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 15: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 16: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 17: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 18: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 19: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 20: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 21: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 22: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 23: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| Session 24: Laughter Yoga | Behavioral | Each session includes hand clapping and warm-up exercises, deep breathing techniques, childlike playfulness activities, structured laughter exercises, and a brief relaxation phase. |
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| up to 1 day |
| up to 1 day |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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