Clinical Study of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in the Treatment of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a devastating disease for young women who have not yet completed childbearing.The current clinical diagnostic criteria for POI include oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea lasting more than 4 months before the age of 40, along with two measurements of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels >25 IU/L, taken at least 4 weeks apart. Given the progressive nature of POI, recent domestic expert consensus has proposed the concept of "subclinical POI", defined by FSH levels of 15-25 IU/L, which may facilitate early identification and intervention in clinical practice. As the etiology of POI remains incompletely understood, early-stage patients often present with non-specific clinical manifestations, rapid disease progression, and once ovarian function is exhausted, there are currently no effective therapies to fundamentally restore it. Therefore, early intervention in high-risk women with fertility needs is of particular clinical importance.

This interventional, open-label clinical study is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-ovarian administration of YT023 in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). The study aims to assess whether YT023 can improve ovarian function.

Inclusion Criteria:

Able to understand and voluntarily sign the informed consent form (ICF) prior to the initiation of any study-related assessments or procedures; Aged 20 to 39 years (inclusive) at the time of signing the ICF; Meets the diagnostic criteria for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) ; Has a normal karyotype and no known history of FMR1 premutation (Fragile X syndrome); Has at least one ovary intact.

Exclusion Criteria:

History of primary malignancy; Subjects who are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive at screening; subjects who are HBsAg-negative but hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb)-positive with detectable peripheral blood hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA above the lower limit of detection; subjects who are hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody-positive with detectable HCV RNA; or subjects who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody-positive; Known hypersensitivity to any component of the study treatments; Severe neurocognitive impairment as judged by the investigator; Any comorbidities or other conditions that, in the investigator's opinion, may affect compliance with the protocol or render the subject unsuitable for participation in the study