In addition to standard perioperative education, patients in the intervention group received a virtual reality-based educational intervention before surgery. This intervention was delivered in the urology clinic's procedure room using VR headsets and consisted of an approximately structured educational video covering postoperative care and discharge-related information. The aim was to provide an immersive and interactive learning experience to enhance patient understanding and preparedness. As in the control group, readiness for hospital discharge was assessed prior to discharge using the same validated instrument.

Patients allocated to the control group received routine perioperative education provided by clinical nurses and physicians, including information on the surgical procedure and postoperative care. Eligibility criteria were assessed by the researchers, and baseline data were collected using the data collection form during the preoperative period. No additional educational intervention was applied beyond standard care until discharge. Prior to discharge, patients' readiness for hospital discharge was evaluated by the researchers using a validated scale. Additionally, for ethical considerations, patients in the control group were offered the virtual reality (VR) video after completion of outcome assessment.

Intervention Group: Virtual Reality-Based Discharge Education

In addition to standard perioperative education, patients in the intervention group received a virtual reality-based educational intervention before surgery. This intervention was delivered in the urology clinic's procedure room using VR headsets and consisted of an approximately structured educational video covering postoperative care and discharge-related information. The aim was to provide an immersive and interactive learning experience to enhance patient understanding and preparedness. As in the control group, readiness for hospital discharge was assessed prior to discharge using the same validated instrument.

This scale, which allows patients to assess their own readiness for discharge, consists of eight items and four subscales. Adapted into Turkish by Kaya and colleagues in 2017, this scale features questions parallel to those in the nursing version. The scale has a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.74 and employs a 10-point Likert-type rating scale.

This scale, which allows patients to assess their own readiness for discharge, consists of eight items and four subscales. Adapted into Turkish by Kaya and colleagues in 2017, this scale features questions parallel to those in the nursing version. The scale has a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.74 and employs a 10-point Likert-type rating scale.