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This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of cold water gargling on postoperative oral dryness, thirst severity, and patient satisfaction in patients who underwent major abdominal surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (cold water gargling) or the control group (standard care). Thirst severity and oral dryness were assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS; 0-10) at postoperative 8, 12, and 24 hours. Perioperative thirst-related discomfort was evaluated using the Perioperative Thirst Discomfort Scale (PTDS; score range 0-12), and patient satisfaction was assessed using a VAS (0-10) at postoperative 24 hours. The study was conducted at Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine Gevher Nesibe Hospital, General Surgery Clinic. A total of 88 patients were enrolled (44 per group). The study aimed to provide evidence for a simple, low-cost nursing intervention to improve postoperative patient comfort.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Other | Patients in the intervention group gargled with cold water (approximately 10 mL, 4°C) for 30 seconds at postoperative 8, 12, and 24 hours. Gargling was performed under nurse supervision. Patients were instructed not to swallow the water. |
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| Control group | No Intervention | Patients in the control group received standard postoperative care per hospital protocol. No gargling intervention was applied. Oral intake restrictions were maintained as per routine clinical practice. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold water gargling | Other | Patients gargled with cold water at postoperative 8, 12, and 24 hours. Each gargling session involved approximately 10 mL of cold water (approximately 4°C) for 30 seconds. The procedure was performed under nurse supervision. Patients were instructed not to swallow the water and to spit it out after gargling. No oral fluid intake was permitted during the study period per standard postoperative protocol. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Thirst Severity | Assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS; 0=no thirst, 10=very severe thirst) | Postoperative 8, 12, and 24 hours |
| Oral Dryness Severity | Assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS; 0=no oral dryness, 10=very severe oral dryness) | Postoperative 8, 12, and 24 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Perioperative Thirst-Related Discomfort | Assessed using the Perioperative Thirst Discomfort Scale (PTDS; Turkish version). 6-item, 3-point Likert scale. Total score range 0-12; higher scores indicate greater discomfort. | Postoperative 24 hours |
| Patient Satisfaction |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erciyes University | Kayseri | Kayseri | 38030 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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|
Assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS; 0=not satisfied at all, 10=very satisfied) |
| Postoperative 24 hours |