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Effect of the "EMS Back-Up" Ergonomic Program on Paramedics' Manual Handling Safety.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| EMS Back-Up Training Group | Experimental |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMS Back-Up Program | Behavioral | A multi-modal training session including:
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total Score on the Standardized Manual Handling Checklist | Technical proficiency is measured using the 9-item Standardized Manual Handling Checklist v3.0. Each item is scored on a 3-point scale (0 = not achieved, 1 = partially achieved, 2 = fully achieved). The total score is calculated by summing the scores of all 9 items, resulting in a range from 0 to 18. A higher total score indicates a higher level of technical proficiency and safer manual patient handling performance. | Baseline (Pre-test) and Immediate Post-intervention (within 8 hours). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE) | Borg CR10 Scale (0-10), assessing the subjective physical effort during task execution. | Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. |
| Score on the EMS Ergonomics and Safety Knowledge Test |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liang-Fu Chen | Contact | +886963055751 | chris2372660@gmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital | Recruiting | Taipei | 116 | Taiwan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D060051 | Occupational Injuries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
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Theoretical knowledge is assessed via a 12-item multiple-choice and true/false questionnaire focusing on biomechanics, injury prevention, and the SAFE handling process. Each correct answer is awarded 1 point. The total score ranges from 0 to 12. A higher score represents a greater understanding of occupational safety and ergonomic principles related to patient handling.
| Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. |
| Mean Score of Transtheoretical Model (TTM) Stages of Change | Readiness for behavioral change is assessed using a 5-point scale corresponding to the TTM stages: 1 = Pre-contemplation, 2 = Contemplation, 3 = Preparation, 4 = Action, and 5 = Maintenance. The result is reported as the mean stage score across 5 specific behavioral items (C1-C5). The score ranges from 1 to 5, where a higher numerical value indicates a more advanced stage of readiness for adopting safe manual handling behaviors. | Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. |
| Mean Score of Health Belief Model (HBM) Self-Efficacy Construct | Perceived self-efficacy is measured using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree) based on two specific items (D10, D11) regarding the ability to perform and lead safe handling techniques. The outcome is the mean of these items, ranging from 1 to 5. A higher score reflects a higher level of confidence in performing safe manual handling tasks. | Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. |