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The investigators want to learn how women's diets may impact breastfeeding outcomes. This study will help the investigators learn more about how diet and social factors like food access may impact mothers' health, breastfeeding, and their baby's health. Participants will attend a visit before birth, then 11 visits as their baby grows up. All visits will be remote using RedCap, phone or video call, text messaging or any other communication modalities of preference to the participant. The investigators will ask for personal information about participants' family, home, and finances, health literacy, medical history, current medications, pregnancy complications, mental health (depression, quality of life), confidence in breastfeeding, eating habits, and plan to feed their baby. After childbirth, the investigators will ask about participants' delivery and child's health, and request access to their child's medical records. Across all visits, the investigators will ask participants to measure their weight, height, blood pressure, activity and sleep, and child's length; the investigators will also ask them to ship urine, stool, and breast milk samples. The investigators will obtain a 24-hour feeding log for the child, as well as a log of what the mother ate and drank over 24 hours.
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal dietary intake | 24 hour dietary recall using ASA24 | Third trimester of pregnancy and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months postpartum |
| Child dietary pattern | 24 hour recall using NDSR | 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 month of age |
| Breastfeeding outcomes | Exclusivity, duration and mixed feeding | 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 month postpartum |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal weight | Smart scale | Third trimester and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 month postpartum |
| Human milk composition | macronutrients, micronutrients and non-nutritive components |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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This longitudinal prospective study will recruit a cohort representative of the state of Arkansas We will achieve this goal by designing a study with assessments that are fully developed for remote data and sample collections.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arkansas Children's Research Institute | Little Rock | Arkansas | 72202 | United States |
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human milk, stool and urine
| 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 month postpartum or as long as lactating |
| Blood pressure | Smart device, at home collection | Third trimester and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 month postpartum |
| Physical activity | Accelerometry | Third trimester and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months postpartum |