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This study was conducted to examine the effects of exercise programs on the physical and psychosocial health of postmenopausal women. The postmenopausal period is characterized by an increased risk of problems such as decreased muscle strength, balance problems, fatigue, stress, and reduced quality of life due to hormonal changes. Therefore, appropriate exercise approaches are crucial during this period.
The study evaluated the effects of regular and planned exercise programs on the physical functions and overall well-being of postmenopausal women.
The study also addressed structured exercise approaches such as high-intensity functional training (HIFT). HIFT consists of short but intense exercises similar to daily activities. However, such exercises should be planned and monitored by healthcare professionals according to the individual's age and health status.
Menopause is a natural process that occurs with the end of a woman's reproductive years, and due to hormonal changes, many physiological, psychological, and functional symptoms are observed. During this period, decreased estrogen levels are associated with sleep disturbances, vasomotor symptoms, fatigue, depressive mood, musculoskeletal complaints, and a significant decrease in quality of life. Exercise is one of the most effective, low-cost, and safe methods to alleviate menopausal symptoms and improve functionality. However, studies investigating the effects of HIFT on menopausal symptoms, physical performance, and dual-task performance in postmenopausal women are quite limited.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High Intensity Functional Training Group | Experimental | group that performs high-intensity functional exercises |
|
| Control Group | Active Comparator | moderate to low intensity exercise |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-intensity functional exercise | Behavioral | Participants in the exercise group followed a high-intensity functional exercise program designed to improve physical function, menopausal symptoms, and dual-task performance during the postmenopausal period. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| short physical performance battery | Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a brief and standardized test battery used to assess lower-extremity physical performance, particularly in older adults. The test evaluates three main functional components: balance, gait speed, and chair-stand performance. Each subtest is scored between 0 and 4 points, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 12. Higher scores indicate better physical performance. The SPPB is widely used in clinical research and geriatric assessments to determine functional capacity, risk of falls, and level of physical independence. | 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Dual task performance | Dual-task performance refers to an individual's ability to perform two tasks simultaneously. It is commonly assessed by combining a motor task (such as walking) with a cognitive task (such as counting or word generation) at the same time. This assessment is widely used to examine cognitive-motor interaction, balance control, and fall risk, particularly in older adults. | 8 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
female
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Filiz Eyüboğlu, PhD | Uskudar University | Study Director |
| Nazlı H Gözütok | Uskudar University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Üsküdar Üniversitesi | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30087252 | Background | Feito Y, Heinrich KM, Butcher SJ, Poston WSC. High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT): Definition and Research Implications for Improved Fitness. Sports (Basel). 2018 Aug 7;6(3):76. doi: 10.3390/sports6030076. | |
| 29910330 | Background | Crawford DA, Drake NB, Carper MJ, DeBlauw J, Heinrich KM. Are Changes in Physical Work Capacity Induced by High-Intensity Functional Training Related to Changes in Associated Physiologic Measures? Sports (Basel). 2018 Mar 27;6(2):26. doi: 10.3390/sports6020026. |
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A two-group parallel intervention model was applied, with exercise and control groups monitored simultaneously.
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| moderate to low intensity exercise | Behavioral | Control group participants performed moderate or low-intensity exercise. |
|
| 42226147 | Derived | Gozutok NH, Eyuboglu F. Effects of a high-intensity functional exercise program on menopausal symptoms, physical performance, and dual-task performance in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Womens Health. 2026 Jun 1. doi: 10.1186/s12905-026-04572-2. Online ahead of print. |