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The aim of this observational cross-sectional study is to compare the physical fitness characteristics of professional and amateur e-sports players and to determine whether differences exist between the two groups in terms of physical fitness parameters.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Professional E-Sports Players | Participants who engage in structured gaming ≥25 hours per week, are affiliated with a competitive team or organization, participate in official tournaments at least once per month, and receive income or sponsorship related to gaming. | ||
| Amateur E-Sports Players | Participants who engage in ≤15 hours of recreational gaming per week, are not affiliated with a professional team, and do not receive income or sponsorship from gaming. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| BlazePod Reaction Time | Reaction time will be assessed using the BlazePod wireless light system. Participants will respond to randomized visual stimuli by tapping illuminated pods as quickly as possible. The mean reaction time (milliseconds) from three trials will be used for analysis. Lower values indicate faster reaction performance. | At baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test | Total distance (meters) completed during the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test, reflecting cardiorespiratory endurance. | At baseline |
| Hand Grip Strength | Maximum grip strength (kg) measured using a Camry EH101 dynamometer. The highest value from two trials per hand will be recorded. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Amateur e-sports players:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Professional and amateur e-sports players aged 18-30 years recruited from Istinye University and affiliated e-sports organizations. Professional players are defined as individuals who engage in structured gaming for at least 25 hours per week, are affiliated with a competitive team, participate regularly in official tournaments, and receive income or sponsorship related to gaming. Amateur players engage in 15 hours or less of recreational gaming per week, are not affiliated with professional teams, and do not receive gaming-related income. All participants are healthy volunteers without medical conditions affecting physical performance.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdelrahman Torky | Contact | +905348550507 | abdelrahmantorky0@gmail.com | |
| Begüm Kara Kaya | Contact | +905355720021 | bkara@biruni.edu.tr |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istinye University - Vadi Campus | Istanbul | Sarıyer | 34396 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057185 | Sedentary Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| At baseline |
| Wall Sit Test | Total time (seconds) participants maintain a 90-degree wall sit position, indicating lower-limb muscular endurance. | At baseline |
| Push-Up Test | Total number of correctly performed push-ups completed without rest, representing upper-body muscular endurance. | At baseline |
| Sit-and-Reach Test | Maximum reach distance (cm) achieved during flexibility assessment. | At baseline |
| Body Mass Index | BMI calculated as weight (kg) divided by height (m²). | At baseline |
| Y-Balance Test | Normalized reach distance (%) in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions to assess dynamic balance. | At baseline |
| Countermovement Jump | Maximum vertical jump height (cm) calculated using the difference between standing reach and jump reach. | At baseline |
| IPAQ-SF | Total physical activity expressed in MET-minutes per week. | At baseline |
| SBQ | Total daily sedentary time (hours/day) calculated from questionnaire responses. | At baseline |