Physical Fitness Assessment in Professional and Amateur E-Sports Players

Comparing the Physical Fitness Levels of Professional and Amateur E-Sports Players

The aim of this observational cross-sectional study is to compare the physical fitness characteristics of professional and amateur e-sports players and to determine whether differences exist between the two groups in terms of physical fitness parameters.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 18 to 30 years
• Able to read and understand Turkish
• Professional e-sports players:
• ≥25 hours per week of structured gaming
• Affiliated with a competitive team or organization
• Participates in official tournaments at least once per month
• Receives income or sponsorship related to gaming

Amateur e-sports players:

• ≤15 hours per week of recreational gaming
• Not affiliated with a professional team or league
• Does not receive income or sponsorship from gaming
• Voluntary agreement to participate and provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of respiratory, cardiovascular, or neurological disorders
• History of surgery within the last 6 months
• Current use of medication that may affect physical performance
• Currently undergoing physical therapy or rehabilitation
• Any musculoskeletal injury that may impair performance during physical fitness testing.