Effectiveness of TMS on Spasticity and Balance for Patients With MS

The Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Spasticity and Balance in Patients Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis

Recently, non-invasive brain stimulation modalities such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation have become treatment options. Among these methods, rTMS is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can affect descending corticospinal pathways, thereby modulating cortical excitability in the motor area where it is applied. This study will examine the effect of rTMS application on spasticity and balance in patients with multiple sclerosis. In addition, the indirect effects of the applications on gait pattern, joint range of motion, and pain will be evaluated.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being between the ages of 18 and 60
• Having been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis for more than six months
• Having spasticity levels between 1 and 3 on the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) in the evaluated extremity
• Having an EDSS SCORE between 0 and 6.5
• Voluntarily participating in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Poor general health (heart failure, COPD, etc.)
• Presence of wound lesions on the skin
• Presence of metal implants in the body
• Pregnancy
• Presence of a severe infection
• Diagnosis of malignancy
• Presence of a bleeding disorder
• Use of a pacemaker
• Presence of cardiac rhythm disorder
• Presence of neurological disease other than multiple sclerosis
• History of epilepsy
• History of alcohol use
• Change in medication within the last 6 months
• Refusal to participate in the study