Effect of Different Concentrations of Sevoflurane for Anesthesia Induction in Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgery

Effectiveness and Safety of 6% Versus 8% Sevoflurane for Anesthesia Induction in Pediatric Ophthalmic Minor Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of 6% versus 8% sevoflurane inhalation induction in pediatric patients undergoing minor ophthalmic surgery. The primary outcome is emergence agitation assessed using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. Secondary outcomes include hemodynamic parameters, induction time, recovery time, and adverse events.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 1 to 6 years (12-72 months)
• Scheduled to undergo minor ophthalmic surgery (e.g., chalazion excision) under general anesthesia
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I
• Assessed as suitable for inhalation anesthesia by anesthesiologists
• Written informed consent obtained from parents or legal guardians

Exclusion Criteria:

• ASA physical status II or higher
• Known hepatic or renal dysfunction
• Congenital heart disease
• History of malignant hyperthermia
• Known allergy to sevoflurane
• History of asthma or severe respiratory disease
• Upper respiratory tract infection within the past 4 weeks
• Anticipated difficult airway
• Refusal of participation by parents or legal guardians