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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Ulusoy, Emre, M.D. | INDIV |
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This study aims to determine the minimum effective volume of bupivacaine required for the serratus posterior superior intercostal plane (SPSIP) block in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). The SPSIP block is an ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia technique used to provide postoperative pain relief after thoracic surgery.
Using a stepwise dose-adjustment method, the volume of local anesthetic will be increased or decreased based on the effectiveness of the block in each patient. The main outcome of the study is to identify the volume that provides effective pain control in 50% of patients. The results may help optimize pain management while minimizing drug exposure.
This prospective interventional dose-finding study is designed to determine the median effective volume (ED50) of 0.25% bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided serratus posterior superior intercostal plane (SPSIP) block in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).
The up-and-down sequential allocation method described by Dixon and Massey will be used. The initial volume of bupivacaine will be administered to the first patient, and subsequent volumes will be adjusted in 2 mL increments according to the response of the preceding patient. If the block is successful, the volume for the next patient will be decreased by 2 mL. In case of block failure, the volume will be increased by 2 mL.
Block success will be defined as the presence of sensory loss to cold in at least two consecutive dermatomes between T3 and T6, assessed 20-30 minutes after block performance, combined with a cumulative fentanyl requirement of less than 2 µg/kg within the first 60 minutes after induction of general anesthesia. Failure will be defined as absence of adequate sensory blockade or the need for fentanyl ≥2 µg/kg.
The up-and-down sequence will be continued until nine reversal points are obtained. The ED50 will be calculated as the mean of the midpoint doses of all independent success-failure pairs. Secondary outcomes will include postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption.
This study aims to provide clinically relevant data to optimize the volume of local anesthetic for SPSIP block while maintaining effective analgesia and minimizing potential adverse effects.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block (SPSIPB) | Experimental | Participants receive an ultrasound-guided serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block (SPSIPB) with 0.5% bupivacaine before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). The injected volume is determined using the Dixon up-and-down sequential allocation method, starting from an initial volume and adjusted by 2 mL increments or decrements based on block success or failure in the preceding patient. Block success is assessed by a blinded outcome assessor according to predefined analgesic criteria. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block | Other | Ultrasound-guided serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block performed prior to general anesthesia in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). A 0.5% bupivacaine solution is injected, and the volume is adjusted in 2 mL increments according to the Dixon up-and-down sequential allocation method to determine the median effective volume (ED50). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Median Effective Volume (ED50) of 0.5% Bupivacaine for Successful SPSIP Block | The median effective volume (ED50) of 0.5% bupivacaine required to achieve successful postoperative analgesia following ultrasound-guided serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block, determined using the Dixon up-and-down sequential allocation method. | Within the first 30 minutes after block performance |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative Pain Scores (NRS) | Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents the worst imaginable pain, assessed at rest and during movement at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after surgery. | Up to 24 hours postoperatively |
| Postoperative Morphine Consumption via Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| emre ulusoy | Contact | +905379492799 | emreulusoy36@gmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Bursa Şehir Hastanesi | Recruiting | Bursa | 16250 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
Individual participant data will not be shared due to institutional policies and patient confidentiality considerations.
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Sequential dose-adjustment design using the Dixon up-and-down method, in which local anesthetic volume is increased or decreased in fixed 2 mL steps based on the success or failure of the preceding block.
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Total cumulative morphine dose administered through patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) within the first 24 postoperative hours, measured in milligrams. Higher values indicate increased analgesic requirement. |
| First 24 hours after surgery |
| Postoperative Adverse Effects | Incidence of opioid- and block-related adverse effects including nausea, vomiting, pruritus, dizziness, hypotension, respiratory depression, and local complications at the block site. | Up to 24 hours postoperatively |
| Quality of Recovery Score (QoR-15) | Quality of Recovery assessed using the 15-item Quality of Recovery questionnaire (QoR-15), with scores ranging from 0 to 150, where higher scores indicate better postoperative recovery. | 24 hours after surgery |
| Postoperative Pulmonary Function Parameters | Pulmonary function assessed using spirometric parameters including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) measured preoperatively and at 24 hours postoperatively. | Preoperative baseline and 24 hours after surgery |