Preeclampsia with severe features remains a leading contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It is defined by hypertension and involvement of multiple organ systems, including renal, hepatic, hematologic, and neurologic pathways. The interplay of endothelial dysfunction, capillary leakage, and disrupted fluid balance in these patients increases their susceptibility to perioperative pulmonary complications. Although respiratory complications in preeclampsia are clinically significant, the true incidence of postoperative diaphragmatic dysfunction in women with severe disease is not well established. Existing literature largely emphasizes general respiratory failure, pulmonary edema, or the need for mechanical ventilation, rather than specifically evaluating diaphragmatic performance with objective methods such as ultrasound. The current study sought to determine the incidence and identify risk factors for postoperative diaphragmatic dysfunction in women with severe preeclampsia following cesarean delivery.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with severe preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section
• Gestational age > 32 weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

• • Age < 20 years.

  • Diabetic
  • Patients with neuromuscular diseases.
  • Patient refusal.
  • Contraindications to magnesium sulphate administration
  • Inability to obtain adequate ultrasound views

• Patients with severe preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section
• Gestational age > 32 weeks

This prospective observational study will enroll pregnant women aged 20-40 years present to the emergency department with a diagnosis of preeclampsia with severe features and are scheduled for cesarean delivery