The standardised intervention given to women in the PFMT group consisted of five appointments over a 4 weeks period . At the first appointment, a standardised history was taken, and both a subjective prolapse assessment and internal pelvic floor muscle assessment (using the Power Endurance Repetitions Fast Every Contraction Timed (PERFECT) scheme, including the modified Oxford scale were carried out.Women were also taught how to correctly contract the pelvic floor muscles and how to pre-contract the pelvic floor muscles individualized home exercise programme was prescribed, and women were encouraged to perform six sets of exercises daily with the use of an exercise diary to record compliance. A standardized lifestyle advice sheet was given to women containing all essential instructions

Week 1: Foundational breathing and supine hypopressive exercises performed 3×/week for 15-20 minutes to establish basic apnea control and postural awareness.

Week 2: Progression to seated and standing poses 4×/week for 20-25 minutes, increasing hold time and postural endurance.

Week 3: Advanced kneeling and squat-based hypopressive activation 4-5×/week for 25-30 minutes to integrate functional core control.

Week 4: Mastery phase with full squat, walking, and combination poses 5×/week for 30-35 minutes to enhance dynamic postural stability.

The initial maneuver involved sustaining apnea with rib-cage expansion for approximately 10 seconds in supine, standing, and sitting positions.

Participants progressed through hypopressive postures including standing, kneeling, four-point kneeling, sitting, and supine, with varied limb positions.

Each hypopressive exercise consisted of 3 repetitions per posture, with a rest breath between repetitions.

Sessions included 5-10 hypopressive exercises based on participant skill and readiness, with each exercise repeated three times per session.

No voluntary contraction of pelvic floor or abdominal muscles was permitted during performance.

the test-retest reliability for the NPRS has been demonstrated to be moderate to high, varying from 0.67 to 0.96. Criterion validity has not been established for the NPRS as there are no 'gold standards' for pain measurement; however, when correlated with the VAS, the NPRS is determined to have 0.79 to 0.95 convergent validity.

The modified Oxford scale is a practical tool for use in clinical studies and can provide an adequate measure of PFM strength, provided a study is sufficiently powered. The Icc value r=0.97 and Cronbach @ is 0.845. The scale demonstrates high intra-rater reliability, meaning that the same clinician tends to produce consistent results when re-assessing the same patient

Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-7 is valid, reliable, and responsive short forms of condition-specific quality-of-life questionnaires for women with pelvic floor disorders.Construct validity of the tool demonstrated by many fold higher scores among patients with POP compared with women without POP (p<0.0001)