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The study was conducted to determine the comparative effects of an eye-cervical re-education and motor control training program on pain, range of motion and functional disability in chronic neck pain
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eye-cervical Re-education Program | Experimental |
| |
| Motor Control Training Program | Active Comparator |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eye-cervical Re-education Program | Other | Eye-cervical Re-education program was carried out consisting of 10 proprioceptive reprogramming intervention steps : Activation of eye muscles, Passive cervical mobilization with fixed gaze, Active cervical mobility with directed gaze , Global cervical motion exercise , Neck mobility with the trunk , Head reposition exercise (Active), Head reposition exercise (Passive), Free coordination exercise, Manual resistance coordination exercise and Oculo-cervical coordination with soft stimuli. All exercises were done ten times each. 24 sessions were conducted for 8 weeks, with 3 sessions scheduled every week. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric Pain Rating Scale | Numeric Pain Rating Scale is a subjective measure using which patient's rate their pain. It consists of 11 points, having an overall score ranging from 0 to 10, where: 0, 1 - 3, 4 - 6, 7 - 10 represents no pain, mild, moderate and the most severe pain respectively | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| Neck Disability Index in Urdu language | Neck pain disability index is used for the disability of the neck or the impact of neck pain on a person. It consists of 10 questions on pain intensity, personal care, lifting, reading, headaches, concentration, work, driving, sleeping and recreation. Performance in each item is described in 6 stages, from 0 to 5 points. The total of 0-4 points indicate no disability, 5-14 points indicate mild disability, 15-24 points indicate moderate disability, 25-34 points indicate severe disability and 35-50 points indicate complete disability | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| ROM Cervical spine (Flexion) | Changes in cervical spine flexion ROM at baseline and 8th week of intervention was measured using goniometer. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| ROM Cervical Spine (Extension) | Changes in cervical spine extension ROM at baseline and 8th week of intervention was measured using goniometer. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| ROM Cervical Spine (Lateral Flexion) Left Side | Changes in cervical spine lateral flexion on left side ROM at baseline and 8th week of intervention was measured using goniometer. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ali Raza, MS | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rafiq Medical Center | Lahore | Punjab Province | 05412 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Agrawal M, Borkar P. Journal of Population Therapeutics & Clinical Pharmacology. 2010. | ||
| Background | Aal NMA, Elkeblawy MA, Amine RAM. Effectiveness of eye-cervical re-education versus motor imagery therapy on chronic neck pain: A randomized controlled trial. Sport TK: revista euroamericana de ciencias del deporte. 2024(13):6. | ||
| Background | Bhende R, Shinde S, Jain P. Effect of Integrated Postural Training in Individuals with TextNeck Syndrome. J Kinesiol Exerc Sci. 2024;108:1-18. | ||
| 36598342 | Background | Mendes Fernandes T, Mendez-Sanchez R, Puente-Gonzalez AS, Martin-Vallejo FJ, Falla D, Vila-Cha C. A randomized controlled trial on the effects of "Global Postural Re-education" versus neck specific exercise on pain, disability, postural control, and neuromuscular features in women with chronic non-specific neck pain. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2023 Feb;59(1):42-53. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.22.07554-2. Epub 2023 Jan 4. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019547 | Neck Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| Motor Control Training Program | Other | Motor Control Training Program was performed in supine position. It consisted of four parts, which include the cranio-cervical flexor exercise; co-contraction of neck flexors and extensors; the cranio-cervical extensor exercise; and the scapular re-education exercises. An air-filled cuff was put behind the neck and the patient tried to make five progressive positions with an increase in ROM i.e. to make improvements in pressure of 22, 24, 26, 28 and eventually 30 mmHg on pressure gauge. All exercises were done ten times each. 24 sessions were conducted for 8 weeks, with 3 sessions scheduled every week. |
|
| Standardized Physiotherapy Treatment | Other | Electric Hot pack and TENS having (200 µs pulse-width, 1Hz frequency) were applied for 10 minutes. |
|
| ROM Cervical Spine (Lateral Flexion) Right Side |
Changes in cervical spine lateral flexion on right side ROM at baseline and 8th week of intervention was measured using goniometer. |
| From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| ROM Cervical Spine (Rotation) Left Side | Changes in cervical spine rotation on left side ROM at baseline and 8th week of intervention was measured using goniometer. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| ROM Cervical Spine (Rotation) Right Side | Changes in cervical spine rotation on right side ROM at baseline and 8th week of intervention was measured using goniometer. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| 40420069 | Background | Canli K, Demirkiran G, Can F. The efficiency of tactile discrimination training and oculomotor exercises in people with chronic neck pain: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025 May 27;26(1):519. doi: 10.1186/s12891-025-08755-0. |
| 38318308 | Background | Goudarzi L, Ghomashchi H, Vahedi M, Kahlaee AH. Investigating the Effect of Addition of Cervical Proprioceptive Training to Conventional Physiotherapy on Visual, Vestibular and Proprioceptive Dependency of Postural Control in Patients with Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2024;12(1):36-50. doi: 10.22038/ABJS.2023.74763.3462. |
| 35886255 | Background | Majcen Rosker Z, Vodicar M, Kristjansson E. Relationship between Cervicocephalic Kinesthetic Sensibility Measured during Dynamic Unpredictable Head Movements and Eye Movement Control or Postural Balance in Neck Pain Patients. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 9;19(14):8405. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148405. |
| 36941087 | Background | Gumuscu BH, Kisa EP, Kara Kaya B, Muammer R. Comparison of three different exercise trainings in patients with chronic neck pain: a randomized controlled study. Korean J Pain. 2023 Apr 1;36(2):242-252. doi: 10.3344/kjp.22371. Epub 2023 Mar 21. |
| 32184889 | Background | Perez-Cabezas V, Ruiz-Molinero C, Jimenez-Rejano JJ, Chamorro-Moriana G, Gonzalez-Medina G, Chillon-Martinez R. Effectiveness of an Eye-Cervical Re-Education Program in Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Feb 26;2020:2760413. doi: 10.1155/2020/2760413. eCollection 2020. |
| 30881101 | Background | Suvarnnato T, Puntumetakul R, Uthaikhup S, Boucaut R. Effect of specific deep cervical muscle exercises on functional disability, pain intensity, craniovertebral angle, and neck-muscle strength in chronic mechanical neck pain: a randomized controlled trial. J Pain Res. 2019 Mar 7;12:915-925. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S190125. eCollection 2019. |