Binaural Beats for Postoperative Pain and Anxiety Reduction

Binaural Beats vs Music of Choice for Early Postoperative Pain After Ambulatory Total Knee and Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial

To deliver a 30-minute binaural beats audio intervention in PACU and collect pain and anxiety outcomes immediately following surgery, and 4 hours following surgery completion in adults undergoing ambulatory total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty (TKA and THA).

Inclusion Criteria:

• American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System (ASA) 1-3
• Spinal anesthesia
• Patients receiving nerve-block in Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU)
• Primary total hip or total knee arthroplasty

Exclusion Criteria:

• Moderate-severe hearing impairment or use of hearing aids
• History of significant tinnitus, active delirium, chronic high-dose opioid therapy (>60 MME/day baseline)
• Major psychiatric pathology
• General anesthesia