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Heart failure (HF) is one of the clinical syndromes with the highest morbidity and mortality rates among cardiovascular diseases. Despite pharmacological treatments, symptoms persist in a significant proportion of patients, and mortality cannot be prevented. Therefore, device-based therapies, particularly cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT), have gained an important place in the treatment algorithm.CRT aims to correct mechanical dyssynchrony by enabling simultaneous contraction of the left and right ventricles. It also aims to reduce sudden cardiac death rates with its defibrillator feature. Current guidelines emphasise that CRT provides significant benefits in terms of symptomatic improvement and long-term survival when appropriate patient selection is made. However, not all patients who meet the criteria have benefited equally from CRT. It is difficult to predict in advance which heart failure patients will benefit from CRT.The aim of the study is to analyse blood gas parameters obtained from the coronary sinus during the procedure in cases of symptomatic heart failure with low ejection fraction despite optimal medical treatment and in patients with indications for CRT according to current guidelines. This analysis aims to contribute to the prior identification of patients who may benefit.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| The group that benefits from CRT | At the sixth-month visit, patients' ECG findings, NYHA classification, echocardiography parameters, history of hospitalization due to heart failure, need for intravenous (IV) diuretic therapy, need for diuretic dose increase, mortality, device pacing, and intensive care unit admission were evaluated. At the end of follow-up, patients who showed at least a 5-point or 15% increase in ejection fraction and at least a one-grade improvement in NYHA class, and who did not develop heart failure-related death, hospitalization, or IV diuretic requirement during the same period, were classified as the "responsive" group to CRT treatment. Other patients were classified as the "non-responsive" group. |
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| The group that benefits from CRT and the group that does not | At the sixth-month visit, patients' ECG findings, NYHA classification, echocardiography parameters, history of hospitalization due to heart failure, need for intravenous (IV) diuretic therapy, need for diuretic dose increase, mortality, device pacing, and intensive care unit admission were evaluated. At the end of follow-up, patients who showed at least a 5-point or 15% increase in ejection fraction and at least a one-grade improvement in NYHA class, and who did not develop heart failure-related death, hospitalization, or IV diuretic requirement during the same period, were classified as the "responsive" group to CRT treatment. Other patients were classified as the "non-responsive" group. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| coronary sinus blood sampling | Diagnostic Test | Blood gas analysis by drawing blood from the coronary sinus |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Combined endpoint of hospitalization for heart failure, death, need for IV diuretics, change in ejection fraction, and change in NYHA classification | 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Heart failure patients with an ejection fraction below 35, NYHA physical capacity of 2-3, and QRS duration longer than 135 ms on ECG, whose symptoms persist despite optimal medical treatment.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Hospital | Edirne | 22100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
Individual patient data will be added to the data system with the written consent of the patients and will be destroyed after statistical analysis. Other researchers are not involved in this process; therefore, these data will not be shared with other researchers.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006333 | Heart Failure |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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