The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if the ultrasound assessment of the angle formed between the terminal segment of the Umbilical Venous and the initial segment of the Ductus Venosus (DV)play a role in Umbilical Venous Catheterization (UVC). The main questions it aims to answer are:

Can the Umbilical Venous-Ductus Venosus angle on Point-of-care ultrasonography improve the prediction and success of UVC placement in neonates ? The secondary aim was to assess the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided navigation with corrective maneuvers for correct UVC placement.

Umbilical venous catheterization are used in infants who are critically ill to ensure reliable central access, allowing for the administration of parenteral nutrition and medications. Catheterization of the umbilical vein involves numerous potential complications. A large proportion of these complications results from incorrect catheter positioning. Catheter tip may be malpositioned, with reported failure rates of up to 50%, which may be associated with an increased risk of complications. Thoracoabdominal radiography (TAR) has long been the standard approach for confirming catheter tip position. Clinical studies have consistently demonstrated discrepancies between radiologic and ultrasonographic evaluations in determining central catheter tip position.

Point-of-care ultrasonography enables efficient vascular access and reliable assessment of catheter tip position. What more, we hope this approach aids in selecting appropriate corrective maneuvers, may reduce the number of insertion attempts.

The primary aim of the ultrasonographic assessment of umbilical venous catheter positioning was to evaluate the anatomical course of the umbilical venous and the ductus venosus, as well as their influence on the correct placement of the catheter within the umbilical vein.

The secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided navigation combined with corrective maneuvers in achieving the correct placement of the UVC.

Inclusion Criteria:

Neonates born at at ≥24 weeks of gestational age who required parenteral nutrition during the early postnatal period.

Exclusion Criteria:

Individuals with congenital gastrointestinal tract malformations, agenesis of the ductus venosus, or those delivered prior to 24 weeks of gestation were excluded from the study.

This observational, prospective, single-center, population-based cohort study was conducted at the Neonatal and Intensive Care Department of the University Frederic Chopin Hospital of Rzeszów (Poland). Neonates born at ≥24 weeks' gestation who required parenteral nutrition in the early postnatal period were eligible for inclusion in the study and underwent umbilical venous catheter placement.