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Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), which is a key marker of heart and lung health, can be improved through regular physical activity, particularly aerobic exercises. This project aims to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercises combined with low-intensity interval training (LIIT) on the cardiorespiratory fitness of school-going children. The increasing sedentary lifestyle among children has contributed to a decline in overall physical fitness and a rise in health-related issues.Cardiorespiratory fitness is crucial for overall health and can help reduce the risk of chronic diseases from a young age.
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), which is a key marker of heart and lung health, can be improved through regular physical activity, particularly aerobic exercises. This project aims to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercises combined with low-intensity interval training (LIIT) on the cardiorespiratory fitness of school-going children. The increasing sedentary lifestyle among children has contributed to a decline in overall physical fitness and a rise in health-related issues.Cardiorespiratory fitness is crucial for overall health and can help reduce the risk of chronic diseases from a young age. The project will involve a structured program where children participate in either aerobic exercises, such as jogging or cycling, or low-intensity interval training, such as brisk walking with short breaks. Baseline measurements of heart rate, VO₂ max, 20 metter shuttle run test and endurance will be taken to assess each child's initial cardiorespiratory fitness level. The children will then undergo a 8 week training period, engaging in their assigned exercise regimen three times per week. Post intervention measurements will be recorded and compared to the baseline. This study will help determine if one type of training is more effective than the other in improving fitness levels among school-aged children, potentially guiding physical education curriculum and promoting healthier lifestyle habits from an early age.
The findings could contribute valuable insights into the role of exercise type on health outcomes, helping schools, parents, and health professionals make informed choices for children's physical activities to support optimal growth and long-term health improve heart rate , oxygen level , reduce cardio related disease.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aerobic exercises | Experimental | Group in which performed all Group A will perform aerobic exercises. Aerobic exercises are ideal for improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Running or Jogging - Great for endurance and can be done in short sprints or long distances. Time 4min Rest 2 min 2 round Jump Rope - A fun way to build stamina and improve coordination. Time 2min Rest 2 min 2 round. Cycling - Strengthens the heart and lungs and is often enjoyable for kids. Time 5min Rest 1min rest Obstacle Courses - Running, jumping, crawling, and climbing for fun and fitness. Time 2min Rest; 1 min Dancing and Aerobic Games: Dance-based exercises or aerobic games (like tag or relay races) keep children engaged and provide cardiovascular benefits. Time. 2min Rest. 1 min Circuit Training- performed. Time. 3min Rest. 1min Stair climbing Time. 2 min Rest. 2min 2 round |
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| Low interval Training Exercises | Experimental | Group 2 performed low interval training exercises.1)Brisk Walking and Arm Swings Time: 3 minutes of brisk walking Rest: 1 minute (slow walking or standing) Rounds: 3 rounds Duration: 12 minutes total 2. Step-Ups on a Low Platform or Bench Time: 2 minutes of step-ups (alternating legs) Rest: 1 minute Rounds: 3 rounds Duration: 9 minutes total 3)Low-Intensity Jump Rope Time: 1 minute of slow-paced jumping (or skipping in place if no rope is available) Rest: 1 minute Rounds: 4 rounds Duration: 8 minutes total 4. Side-to-Side Steps Time: 2 minutes of lateral steps (side-to-side motion with a slight squat) Rest: 1 minute Rounds: 3 rounds Duration: 9 minutes total |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aerobic exercise | Other | Experimental Group A Aerobic exercises Running or Jogging - Great for endurance and can be done in short sprints or long distances. Time 4min Jump Rope - A fun way to build stamina and improve coordination. Time 2min Cycling - Strengthens the heart and lungs and is often enjoyable for kids. Time 5min Dancing and Aerobic Games: Time. 2min Circuit Training- performed. Time. 3min Rest. 1min Stair climbing Time. 2 min These exercises performed 3 days a week. Experimental Group B:Low interval training exercises 1)Brisk Walking and Arm Swings Time: 3 minutes of brisk walking Duration: 12 minutes total 2. Step-Ups on a Low Platform or Bench Time: 2 minutes of step-ups (alternating legs) Duration: 9 minutes total 3)Low-Intensity Jump Rope Time: 1 minute of slow-paced jumping (or skipping in place if no rope is available) 4. Side-to-Side Steps Time: 2 minutes of lateral steps (side-to-side motion with a slight squat) Rest: 1 minute |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 20 metter shuttle run test | The 20-meter shuttle run test, also known as the beep test or PACER test. in schools to measure cardiovascular endurance in children. Here's how it's performed and measured: Starting the Test: Students line up at one end of the 20-meter track. An audio track, which plays a beep sound at set intervals, is used to signal when students should start running and reach the other line. Running Pattern: Students begin running at the sound of the first beep. They must reach the opposite line before the next beep sounds.Incease intensity faster.End test. | For one individual usaually lasts between 9-12 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| VO2 max | tests can be difficult to administer and are not suitable for all fitness levels. The quickest and easiest way to measure your VO2 max is to use a basic calculation or a walking/jogging test. Determine your resting heart rate. Many fitness trackers and watches come with a heart rate monitor. If you have one of these, record your heart rate while at rest (sitting down, doing little-to-no physical activity). The best time to measure your 25 years old, your HRmax = 220 -25 = 195 beats per minute (bpm). There is some research that suggests this formula oversimplifies the calculation. You can also estimate your max heart rate with the formula HRmax = 205.8 - (0.685 x age) Define the simple VO2 max formula. The simplest formula to calculate VO2 max is VO2 max = 15 x (HRmax/HRrest). This method is considered to compare well with other common formulas. The units for VO2 max are milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute (mL/kg/min) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Age 6-12
Exclusion Criteria:
Cardiovascular disease,
This study is limited to male participants.The focus on a single gender is intended to reduce potential confounding variable related to sex based differences in physiological developmebt, neurological control and responce.
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IMRAN AMJAD, PhD | Contact | 9233224390125 | imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk | |
| MUHAMMAD ASIF JAVED, MS-PT | Contact | 923224209422 | a.javed@riphah.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| MUHAMMAD SIKANDAR RAZA, MS-PT | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Govt High School Daska | Recruiting | Daska Kalan | Punjab Province | 51010 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25070386 | Background | Jankowski M, Niedzielska A, Brzezinski M, Drabik J. Cardiorespiratory fitness in children: a simple screening test for population studies. Pediatr Cardiol. 2015 Jan;36(1):27-32. doi: 10.1007/s00246-014-0960-0. Epub 2014 Jul 29. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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The study will be randomized clinical trial. Find out two groups cardiorespiratory fitness level through two different protocoal exercises one is aerobic exercises and other is low interval training exercises. Baseline measurements of heart rate,l VO₂ max, 20 metter shuttle run test and endurance will be taken to assess each child's initial cardiorespiratory fitness level. The children will then undergo a 8 week training period, engaging in their assigned exercise regimen three times per week. Post. Intervention measurements will be recorded and compared to the baseline. This study will help determine if one type of training is more effective than the other in improving fitness levels among school-aged children, potentially guiding physical education curriculum and promoting healthier lifestyle habits from an early age.
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| For one individual around 3-4 minutes required for performed |