taVNS Combined With TENS on Motor Function in Stroke

Effect of Combining Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation With Peripheral Nerve Stimulation on Upper Limb Motor Function in People With Stroke: A Single- Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial

the current study is a Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial investing the effectiveness of Combining Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation with Peripheral Nerve Stimulation on Upper Limb Motor Function in People with Stroke

Inclusion Criteria:

1. aged 55 - 75 years old;
2. diagnosed with stroke confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography for more than 6 months;
3. had volitional control of the non-paretic arm and at least minimal antigravity movement in the paretic shoulder;
4. had at least 5 degrees of wrist extension in the antigravity position;
5. be able to communicate

Exclusion Criteria:

1. had neurological disease other than stroke, e.g., Parkinson's disease or dementia;
2. ongoing healthy condition, e.g., angina pectoris, pain, or arthritis;
3. had any contraindications of taVNS (metal implants in the brain, history of seizure)