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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Paavo Nurmi Center & Unit for Health and Physical Activity | UNKNOWN |
| Juho Vainion säätiö | UNKNOWN |
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The aim of this randomized controlled intervention study is to examine the minimum exercise intensity that has an effect on cardiorespiratory fitness and/or cardiometabolic risk factors in sedentary adults. In addition, the study seeks to examine which background factors explain individual differences in exercise responses.
The study consists of a 2-week baseline period followed by two 6-week intervention periods. The study will compare changes in the predefined outcome variables between the exercise intervention groups and the control group that does not perform any exercise training. In addition to intensity prescribed relative to oxygen uptake reserve, exercise intensity will be retrospectively analyzed in relation to the first ventilatory threshold in order to examine the lowest effective intensity using this method as well. Among background factors, possible modifiers assumed on the basis of previous literature, will be analyzed to assess their contribution to inter-individual differences in the outcome responses. Potential main contributors are considered to be sex, the basal value of the outcome, nutritional habits, physical activity and stationary behavior outside the prescribed training, and non-invasive indicators of stress.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 %/VO2reserve intervention group | Experimental |
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| 40 %/VO2reserve intervention group | Experimental |
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| 50 %/VO2reserve intervention group | Experimental |
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| 60 %/VO2reserve intervention group | Experimental |
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| Control group | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Other | 6 weeks of 3 x 30 min/week supervised cycle ergometer training and 6 weeks of 3 x 40-50 min/week supervised cycle ergometer training |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal oxygen consumption | Assessed with step-ramp-step protocol | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Ventilatory thresholds | Assessed with step-ramp-step protocol | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pmax | Maximum power of the ramp cycle ergometer test | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Concentration of LDL cholesterol | Fasting state blood sample |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Body fat percentage | Assessed with bioimpedance | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Healthy diet index | 0-100, higher score means a better outcome. |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Males, females
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Olli-Pekka S Nuuttila, PhD | Contact | +358505946170 | olli-pekka.nuuttila@ukkinstituutti.fi |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UKK institute for Health Promotion Research | Recruiting | Tampere | Pirkanmaa | 33500 | Finland |
The study involves group-based training, and complete anonymity of the results cannot be guaranteed with certainty.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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Four parallel intervention groups and control group
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| Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Concentration of HDL cholesterol | Fasting state blood sample | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Concentration of total cholesterol | Fasting state blood sample | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Concentration of triglycerides | Fasting state blood sample | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Concentration of blood glucose | Fasting state blood sample | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Concentration of insulin | Fasting state blood sample | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| HOMA-IR | (Insulin × Glucose) / 22.5 | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| HbA1c | Fasting state blood sample | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Blood pressure | Systolic and diastolic blood pressure | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Resting heart rate | In sitting position | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Resting heart rate variability | Root mean square of successive differences in sitting position | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Gross efficiency | Gross efficiency during standard load | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Body weight | Measured using an electronic scale. | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Waist circumference | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| NEO-FFI | Psychological personality inventory | Pre (week 0) |
| FIMS | Finnish version of Brunel Mood Scale; It includes 24 items divided into 6 factors: tension, depression, anger, vigour, fatigue, confusion. Each factor has scale from 0 to 16, higher score meaning worse outcome. In addition total mood disturbance = summing the five negative mood dimensions and subtracting vigour. Score can be between -16 and 84 with higher score meaning worse outcome. | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| CD-RISC-25 | The 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: scoring from 0 to 100, where the higher score means better outcome. | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Estimated cardiorespiratory fitness | Ekblom-Bak test | Pre (screening phase) |
| Self-estimated fitness and health | One item self-estimated fitness in 1-5 scale where higher score means worse outcome; one item self-estimated health in 1-5 scale where higher score means worse outcome. | Pre (week 0), mid (after 6 weeks), post (after 12 weeks) |
| Non-exercise fitness test | Jackson N-eX | Pre (screening phase) |
| Physical/stationary behavior | Measured with an accelerometer 24/7. Physical activity will be distributed into intensity domains according to 1) ACSM 2025 description, and 2) ventilatory thresholds. Stationary behavior will be distributed into sitting, standing and lying. | Weekly averages throughout the study (Baseline + weeks 1-12) |
| Exercise heart rate | Heart rate during intervention exercise | Throughout the study (weeks 1-12) |
| Rating of perceived exertion | Estimation of perceived exertion during (6-20) and after (0-10) intervention exercises | Throughout the study (weeks 1-12) |
| Exercise heart rate variability | Heart rate variability response to intervention exercise and during 5-min recovery phase | Week 1, week 6, week 7, week 12 |
| Exercise blood lactate | Blood lactate response to intervention exercise | Week 1, week 6, week 7, week 12 |
| Exercise motivation | Exercise motivation in a 3-item scale based on Eccles' expectancy-value theory with a total score from 3 to 15, where higher score means better outcome | Week 1, week 6, week 7, week 12 |
| State of alertness during exercise | State of alertness from a scale 1 (low alertness, relaxed) to 6 (high alertness, aroused) | Week 1, week 6, week 7, week 12 |
| Affective responses to exercise | Feeling scale from -5 to 5 with higher value meaning more positive affective response | Week 1, week 6, week 7, week 12 |
| Paavo Nurmi Centre | Recruiting | Turku | Southwest Finland | 20540 | Finland |
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