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This clinical trial will compare two different approaches to epidural analgesia during labor to see which approach leads to higher patient satisfaction after delivery.
Primary aim: determine whether one approach produces greater postpartum maternal satisfaction.
Secondary aims: compare pain control and side effects.
Participants are people in labor who receive epidural analgesia. They will receive routine clinical epidural care and complete brief, in-hospital questionnaires about pain and satisfaction.
All care is provided by the clinical team and safety practices remain unchanged.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Choice | Experimental | Participants will select a preferred epidural regimen, receive routine epidural care, and complete brief in-hospital questionnaires about pain and overall satisfaction. |
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| No-choice | Active Comparator | Participants will receive routine epidural care, and complete brief in-hospital questionnaires about pain and overall satisfaction. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient-selected epidural management | Procedure | Choice of epidural regimen |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal satisfaction with epidural analgesia | Participant rating of overall satisfaction with pain care on a 5-point Likert scale (Describe your overall satisfaction with your epidural labor pain relief (Likert 1: very dissatisfied; 2: relatively dissatisfied; 3: fair; 4: relatively satisfied; 5: very satisfied) | 24 hours after delivery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Concordance among four maternal satisfaction instruments | Correlation coefficient between four validated satisfaction instruments : (1) Single-item overall satisfaction (Likert 1-5), (2) Single-item willingness to have the same epidural again (6-point agreement: Disagree very much -> Agree very much), (3) Self-reported percent satisfaction (0-100%), and (4) Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) total score (scored per BSS-R guidelines). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study Team | Contact | (650) 723-5403 | brendan.carvalho@stanford.edu |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lucile Packard Children's Hospital | Palo Alto | California | 94304 | United States |
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| Standard epidural management |
| Procedure |
Hospital's usual epidural regimen |
|
| 24 hours after delivery |
| Concordance among intrapartum pain measurement methods | Statistical agreement between intrapartum pain measures: the 11-point Numeric Rating Scale (NRS; 0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain), the 11-point NRS coping ability (0 = totally unable to cope, 10 = totally able to cope), and a target pain measure. | During labor, every one hour from epidural insertion until delivery |