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This retrospective observational study evaluates postoperative pain outcomes in patients undergoing elective mastectomy who received systemic analgesia, rhomboid intercostal block (RIB), or combined rhomboid intercostal block with deep parasternal intercostal plane block (RIB + DPIPB). Medical records from October 2024 to October 2025 will be reviewed. Primary outcomes include pain scores within the first 24 hours, with secondary outcomes including opioid consumption, additional analgesic requirements, patient satisfaction, and early postoperative complications. All data will be analyzed retrospectively and anonymously.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic Analgesia Group |
| ||
| Rhomboid Intercostal Block (RIB) Group |
| ||
| RIB + Deep Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block (DPIPB) Group |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analgesic Strategy | Other | Systemic Analgesia: Postoperative pain was managed using standard systemic analgesic medications as part of routine clinical care. Rhomboid Intercostal Block (RIB): Postoperative analgesia was provided using an ultrasound-guided rhomboid intercostal block performed as part of routine clinical practice. RIB + Deep Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block (DPIPB): Postoperative analgesia was provided using a combination of ultrasound-guided rhomboid intercostal block and deep parasternal intercostal plane block as part of routine clinical care. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative Pain Score (VAS) | Postoperative pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) based on routinely recorded clinical data. | Within the first 24 hours after surgery (postoperative 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The study population consists of adult female patients aged 18-70 years who underwent elective mastectomy at a single tertiary care center between October 2024 and October 2025 and had complete postoperative pain and analgesia records available for retrospective analysis.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ilke Dolgun | Contact | +905555485632 | ilkeser2004@gmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istinye Üniversity | Istanbul | Merkez Mahallesi | 34250 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39304815 | Result | Ertas G, Cakmak HS, Ocak S, Yilmaz M, Ozdemir DB, Tulgar S. Is the combination of interfascial plane blocks sufficient for awake breast cancer surgery? An observational, prospective, proof-of-concept study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2024 Sep 20;24(1):337. doi: 10.1186/s12871-024-02725-0. | |
| 39453840 | Result | Gu B, Huang ZX, Zhou HD, Lian YH, He S, Ge M, Jiang HF. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Adding Deep Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block to Interpectoral-Pectoserratus Plane Block in Breast Cancer Surgery. Anesth Analg. 2025 May 1;140(5):1188-1194. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000007218. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |