Using Different Biomaterials to Preserve Bone After Tooth Extraction

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Various Biomaterials for Alveolar Socket Preservation

This clinical study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different biomaterials in alveolar socket preservation following tooth extraction. Participants will be allocated into three groups: (1) dentin graft, (2) dentin graft combined with hyaluronic acid, (3) allograft and (4) natural healing without any grafting material (control group). At 4 months post-extraction, dental implants will be placed, and bone biopsies will be obtained during the procedure. These biopsy samples will be subjected to histological analysis to assess new bone formation and graft integration. The study will contribute to the understanding of biomaterial performance in socket preservation prior to implant placement.

This randomized clinical trial is designed to evaluate the clinical and histological outcomes of different biomaterials used for alveolar socket preservation following tooth extraction. A total of 40 systemically healthy adult patients requiring tooth extraction in the non-molar region will be enrolled and randomly assigned to one of the following three groups (10 patients per group):

Group 1: Extraction socket filled with autogenous dentin graft.

Group 2: Extraction socket filled with autogenous dentin graft combined with hyaluronic acid.

Group 3: Extraction socket filled with allograft. Group 4 (Control): Extraction socket left to heal naturally without any graft material.

All patients will be re-evaluated at 4 months post-extraction, at which time dental implant placement will be performed. During the implant surgery, bone core biopsies will be taken from the grafted sites using a trephine bur for histological analysis. These specimens will be evaluated to assess new bone formation, residual graft material, inflammatory response, and overall bone quality.

Clinical parameters such as soft tissue healing, postoperative complications, and patient-reported outcomes will also be recorded throughout the healing period.

This study aims to compare the regenerative potential of dentin graft, allograft and dentin graft combined with hyaluronic acid, and to determine whether these materials can enhance socket healing and improve bone quality prior to implant placement.

Inclusion Criteria Adults aged 18 years or older

Indicated for tooth extraction in the anterior or premolar region of the maxilla or mandible

Planned socket preservation and subsequent dental implant placement at the extraction site

Adequate bone volume permitting atraumatic extraction

Good oral hygiene and periodontal status compatible with socket preservation

Willing and able to attend scheduled follow-up visits and undergo biopsy collection prior to implant placement Able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria Systemic conditions known to impair bone or soft tissue healing (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, immunosuppression, osteoporosis)

Current use of medications affecting bone metabolism (e.g., bisphosphonates, corticosteroids, anti-resorptives)

Active periodontal or periapical infection at the extraction site

History of head and neck radiotherapy

Smoking or tobacco use within the past 6 months

Pregnancy or breastfeeding

Known allergy or contraindication to grafting procedures or study-related materials

Inability or unwillingness to comply with follow-up visits or biopsy procedures